Semba R D, Tang A M
Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Br J Nutr. 1999 Mar;81(3):181-9. doi: 10.1017/s0007114599000379.
Micronutrient deficiencies may be common during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Insufficient dietary intake, malabsorption, diarrhoea, and impaired storage and altered metabolism of micronutrients can contribute to the development of micronutrient deficiencies. Low plasma or serum levels of vitamins A, E, B6, B12 and C, carotenoids, Se, and Zn are common in many HIV-infected populations. Micronutrient deficiencies may contribute to the pathogenesis of HIV infection through increased oxidative stress and compromised immunity. Low levels or intakes of micronutrients such as vitamins A, E, B6 and B12, Zn and Se have been associated with adverse clinical outcomes during HIV infection, and new studies are emerging which suggest that micronutrient supplementation may help reduce morbidity and mortality during HIV infection.
在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染期间，微量营养素缺乏可能很常见。饮食摄入不足、吸收不良、腹泻以及微量营养素的储存受损和代谢改变都可能导致微量营养素缺乏的发生。在许多HIV感染人群中，血浆或血清中维生素A、E、B6、B12和C、类胡萝卜素、硒和锌的水平较低很常见。微量营养素缺乏可能通过增加氧化应激和损害免疫力而导致HIV感染的发病机制。维生素A、E、B6和B12、锌和硒等微量营养素的低水平或低摄入量与HIV感染期间的不良临床结局有关，并且新的研究表明，补充微量营养素可能有助于降低HIV感染期间的发病率和死亡率。
