Lanzi R G, Pascoe J M, Keltner B, Ramey S L
Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294-0021, USA.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1999 Aug;153(8):801-7. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.153.8.801.
To examine correlates of maternal depressive symptoms in a diverse, national sample of mothers whose kindergarten-aged children attended a Head Start program.
A cross-sectional study of 5820 mothers was conducted during their child's kindergarten year.
Rates of maternal depressive symptoms were assessed by a validated 3-item depression screen.
The ethnic makeup of the group of mothers was non-Hispanic white, 46%; African American, 30%; Hispanic, 13%; American Indian, 6%; Asian American, 1%; and other, 4%. The mean (SD) age of the mothers was 30.1 (5.55) years, 57% were unemployed, and 68% had at least a high school diploma or had earned a high school equivalency diploma. More than 40% of the mothers screened positive for depressive symptoms. The strongest associations after controlling for several biological and demographic variables were maternal chronic health problem (adjusted odds ratio, 2.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.98-3.87), homelessness (adjusted odds ratio, 2.00; 95% confidence interval, 1.45-2.77), and lowest income level (adjusted odds ratio, 1.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.30-1.88).
Depressive symptoms were common among mothers of young children in this national sample. Interventions must be targeted at alleviating maternal depressive symptoms by decreasing poverty, providing support programs for single parents, and establishing accessible and affordable medical care for all parents and their children. Primary care physicians can play a key role in early identification and intervention.
在一个多样化的全国性样本中，研究幼儿园适龄儿童参加“启智计划”项目的母亲的抑郁症状相关因素。
在孩子上幼儿园的这一年，对5820名母亲进行了横断面研究。
通过一项经验证的3项抑郁筛查量表评估母亲抑郁症状的发生率。
母亲群体的种族构成如下：非西班牙裔白人占46%；非裔美国人占30%；西班牙裔占13%；美洲印第安人占6%；亚裔美国人占1%；其他占4%。母亲的平均（标准差）年龄为30.1（5.55）岁，57%的母亲失业，68%的母亲至少拥有高中文凭或获得了同等学历文凭。超过40%的母亲抑郁症状筛查呈阳性。在控制了几个生物学和人口统计学变量后，最强的关联因素是母亲的慢性健康问题（调整后的优势比为2.77；95%置信区间为1.98 - 3.87）、无家可归（调整后的优势比为2.00；95%置信区间为1.45 - 2.77）以及最低收入水平（调整后的优势比为1.56；95%置信区间为1.30 - 1.88）。
在这个全国性样本中，幼儿母亲的抑郁症状很常见。干预措施必须旨在通过减少贫困、为单亲家庭提供支持项目以及为所有父母及其子女建立可及且负担得起的医疗保健服务来减轻母亲的抑郁症状。初级保健医生在早期识别和干预中可以发挥关键作用。
