St Clair A, McKenry L
School of Nursing, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, USA.
J Nurs Educ. 1999 May;38(5):228-34. doi: 10.3928/0148-4834-19990501-10.
Preparing culturally competent practitioners is critical, and evaluating the effect of experiences intended to move students toward cultural competence is important. This research study explored the relationship among short-term international nursing clinical immersion experiences, cultural self-efficacy, and cultural competence. A triangulated research design was used to explore the relationship among the variables with 200 senior undergraduate and graduate nursing students from a university in New England. Quantitative analysis found statistically significant differences in the achievement of cultural self-efficacy for the participants who completed the international clinical experiences versus those who remained in the United States. Qualitative analysis, used to further explain the quantitative results, found that the differences were related to international students' ability to overcome their ethnocentrism, experience a transformative perspective about being culturally aware and sensitive, as well as understand and integrate the patients' cultural practices and beliefs into the students' Western health care practices. It became apparent that something other than cultural self-efficacy had occurred for participants in the international immersion experiences. The students believed they had entered the arena of cultural competence. Short-term clinical cultural immersion experiences have relevance for assisting faculty to move nursing students toward an understanding and achievement of cultural competence in ways currently not possible with nonimmersion community cultural experiences.
培养具备文化胜任力的从业者至关重要，评估旨在促使学生走向文化胜任力的经历所产生的效果也很重要。本研究探讨了短期国际护理临床沉浸式体验、文化自我效能感和文化胜任力之间的关系。采用三角研究设计来探究变量之间的关系，研究对象为来自新英格兰一所大学的200名本科高年级和研究生护理专业学生。定量分析发现，完成国际临床体验的参与者与留在美国的参与者在文化自我效能感的达成上存在统计学上的显著差异。用于进一步解释定量结果的定性分析发现，这些差异与国际学生克服民族中心主义的能力、体验到关于具备文化意识和敏感性的转变性观点，以及理解并将患者的文化习俗和信仰融入学生的西方医疗实践的能力有关。很明显，参与国际沉浸式体验的参与者除了文化自我效能感之外还发生了其他变化。学生们认为他们已经进入了文化胜任力的领域。短期临床文化沉浸式体验对于帮助教师以目前非沉浸式社区文化体验无法实现的方式促使护理专业学生理解并实现文化胜任力具有重要意义。
