de Haan M, Nelson C A
Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, England.
Dev Psychol. 1999 Jul;35(4):1113-21. doi: 10.1037//0012-1649.35.4.1113.
Event-related potentials were used to determine whether infants, like adults, show differences in spatial and temporal characteristics of brain activation during face and object recognition. Three aspects of visual processing were identified: (a) differentiation of face vs. object (P400 at occipital electrode was shorter latency for faces), (b) recognition of familiar identity (Nc, or negative component, at fronto-temporal electrodes [FTEs] was of larger amplitude for familiar stimuli), and (c) encoding novelty (slow wave at FTEs was larger for unfamiliar stimuli). The topography of the Nc was influenced by category type: Effects of familiarity were limited to the midline and right anterior temporal electrodes for faces but extended to all temporal electrodes for objects. Results show that infants' experience with specific examples within categories and their general category knowledge influence the neural correlates of visual processing.
事件相关电位被用于确定婴儿是否像成年人一样，在面部和物体识别过程中大脑激活的空间和时间特征存在差异。视觉处理的三个方面被识别出来：（a）面部与物体的区分（枕叶电极处的P400对面部的潜伏期更短），（b）熟悉身份的识别（额颞电极[FTEs]处的Nc或负成分对熟悉刺激的幅度更大），以及（c）新奇性编码（FTEs处的慢波对不熟悉刺激更大）。Nc的地形图受类别类型影响：熟悉度的影响仅限于面部的中线和右前颞叶电极，但扩展到物体的所有颞叶电极。结果表明，婴儿在类别中的具体示例经验及其一般类别知识会影响视觉处理的神经关联。
