al-Krenawi A
Department of Social Work, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1999 Spring;45(1):56-64. doi: 10.1177/002076409904500107.
Sixty Bedouin-Arab patients (36 females, 24 males) referred to the psychiatric clinic of the Soroka Medical Centre in the Negev, Israel were interviewed before they met with the psychiatrists and again two weeks later. An open-ended questionnaire was administered during three month period, to examine the patients' explanations of their mental health symptoms. Findings revealed that all patients, male and female alike, perceived and explained their symptoms as being caused by supernatural powers. There were gender differences, however, regarding the perceived nature of, and behaviour of, these supernatural powers. Males explained their symptoms as caused by God's will, whether directly through Him, or indirectly through evil-spirits. In both instances, human behaviour was not a primary concern. In contrast, 97% of the female patients explained their symptoms as a result of sorcery, a phenomenon which integrates human behaviour with supernatural powers. Cultural and language differences between the patients and psychiatrists were also found to cause miscommunications and inappropriate treatment, with the result that 50% of the sample terminated psychiatric treatment after two sessions.
60名贝都因-阿拉伯患者（36名女性，24名男性）被转介到以色列内盖夫地区索罗卡医疗中心的精神科诊所，在他们与精神科医生会面之前接受了访谈，两周后再次接受访谈。在三个月的时间里发放了一份开放式问卷，以调查患者对其心理健康症状的解释。研究结果显示，所有患者，无论男女，都认为并将其症状解释为由超自然力量引起。然而，在这些超自然力量的感知性质和行为方面存在性别差异。男性将他们的症状解释为由上帝的意志引起，无论是直接通过上帝，还是间接通过恶灵。在这两种情况下，人类行为都不是主要关注点。相比之下，97%的女性患者将她们的症状解释为巫术的结果，这是一种将人类行为与超自然力量结合在一起的现象。还发现患者与精神科医生之间的文化和语言差异导致沟通不畅和不适当的治疗，结果50%的样本在两次治疗后终止了精神科治疗。
