Gooptu C, Powell S M
Department of Dermatology, The Oxford Radcliffe Hospital, UK.
Contact Dermatitis. 1999 Aug;41(2):89-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06232.x.
The prevalence of Type I and Type IV hypersensitivity to rubber allergens in patients with stasis eczema and/or venous leg ulcers over an 18-month period was studied by prick and patch testing. Results from 109 patients were analysed. Positive patch tests were found in 71 patients (65%). Delayed-type hypersensitivity to rubber chemicals was found in 17 patients (15.6%). However, only 1 patient who had additional risk factors showed Type I hypersensitivity to natural rubber latex. We therefore conclude that, although Type IV hypersensitivity to rubber chemicals is relatively common in our patients, Type I hypersensitivity to natural rubber latex remains rare.
通过点刺试验和斑贴试验，对患有淤积性皮炎和/或腿部静脉溃疡的患者在18个月期间对橡胶过敏原的I型和IV型超敏反应患病率进行了研究。分析了109例患者的结果。71例患者（65%）斑贴试验呈阳性。17例患者（15.6%）对橡胶化学品出现迟发型超敏反应。然而，只有1例有其他风险因素的患者对天然橡胶乳胶呈I型超敏反应。因此，我们得出结论，虽然对橡胶化学品的IV型超敏反应在我们的患者中相对常见，但对天然橡胶乳胶的I型超敏反应仍然很少见。
