Fisher W J, Bingham R M, Hall R
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK.
Paediatr Anaesth. 1999;9(5):435-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.1999.00405.x.
A cannula technique for axillary brachial plexus block in combination with general anaesthesia has been in use since 1994 for children undergoing surgical correction of congenital hand anomalies. During a 4-year period data were collected on 250 procedures in 185 patients of median age 3 years detailing the block technique and the intraoperative and postoperative analgesic requirements. Fifteen patients (6%) required supplemental intravenous opioid intraoperatively and this is taken as a marker of failure of the block. Ninety-five patients (38%) required postoperative codeine phosphate with a mean time to receiving codeine phosphate of 9 h. Postoperative pain was controlled in this series with oral analgesia in all but six patients who received parenteral codeine. It is proposed that a cannula technique is an effective and safe method of producing axillary brachial plexus block in children.
自1994年以来，一种用于先天性手部畸形手术矫正儿童的腋路臂丛神经阻滞联合全身麻醉的套管技术一直在使用。在4年期间，收集了185例中位年龄3岁患者的250例手术的数据，详细记录了阻滞技术以及术中和术后的镇痛需求。15例患者（6%）术中需要补充静脉注射阿片类药物，这被视为阻滞失败的标志。95例患者（38%）术后需要磷酸可待因，平均接受磷酸可待因的时间为9小时。除6例接受胃肠外可待因的患者外，本系列所有患者的术后疼痛均通过口服镇痛得到控制。有人提出，套管技术是在儿童中产生腋路臂丛神经阻滞的一种有效且安全的方法。
