Hillmann R, Kretz F-J
Klinik für Anästhesiologie und operative Intensivmedizin, Olgahospital, Pädiatrisches Zentrum, Klinikum Stuttgart, Bismarckstr. 8, 70176 Stuttgart.
Anaesthesist. 2008 Feb;57(2):165-74. doi: 10.1007/s00101-008-1303-4.
In recent years peripheral and central regional anesthesia have become increasingly more important in pediatric anesthesia. Unlike adult patients, children typically receive regional anesthesia while under general anesthesia, an approach generally accepted among pediatric anesthesiologists. A well-founded knowledge of the specific anatomical, physiological and pharmacokinetic characteristics of pediatric patients is indispensable for safely practicing pediatric regional anesthesia. If attention is paid to these characteristics, complications are rare. The use of ultrasound when administering regional anesthesia can help reduce the risk of complications even further. Peripheral and central regional anesthesia are safe procedures which pediatric patients should not be deprived of. The present article discusses frequent as well as rare complications of pediatric regional anesthesia.
近年来，外周和中枢区域麻醉在小儿麻醉中变得越来越重要。与成年患者不同，儿童通常在全身麻醉下接受区域麻醉，这是小儿麻醉医生普遍接受的一种方法。对于安全实施小儿区域麻醉而言，深入了解小儿患者特定的解剖、生理和药代动力学特征是必不可少的。如果关注这些特征，并发症很少见。在实施区域麻醉时使用超声可以进一步降低并发症的风险。外周和中枢区域麻醉是安全的操作，不应剥夺小儿患者接受这些麻醉的机会。本文讨论了小儿区域麻醉常见以及罕见的并发症。
