Defloor T, Grypdonck M H
University of Gent, Belgium.
Appl Nurs Res. 1999 Aug;12(3):136-42. doi: 10.1016/s0897-1897(99)80045-7.
The aim of this study was to gain insight about the influence of body posture on the pressure at the seat surface and to establish to what extent different seat cushions designed for incontinent patients reduce maximum pressures. Pressures were measured for 56 healthy volunteers in eight postures using four cushions. The posture in which the lowest maximum pressure was measured was the sitting-back posture with the lower legs on a rest. If the seat could not be tilted back, the maximum pressure in the upright sitting posture with the feet on the ground was significantly lower than sitting upright with the legs supported on a rest. Sliding down and slouching caused the highest maximum pressure. Regular checking of the posture and using positioning cushions should form part of any pressure-ulcer prevention protocol. The four selected cushions each have different pressure-reducing effects. A thick air cushion (Repose) has the lowest maximum pressure and is significantly better than the other cushions at reducing the high pressure when slouching or sliding down.
本研究的目的是深入了解身体姿势对座椅表面压力的影响，并确定为失禁患者设计的不同座垫在多大程度上能降低最大压力。使用四种座垫，对56名健康志愿者在八种姿势下的压力进行了测量。测量到最低最大压力的姿势是小腿放在靠垫上的靠背坐姿。如果座椅不能向后倾斜，双脚着地的直立坐姿下的最大压力明显低于腿部放在靠垫上的直立坐姿。下滑和无精打采会导致最高的最大压力。定期检查姿势和使用定位垫应成为任何压疮预防方案的一部分。所选的四种座垫各自具有不同的减压效果。一个厚气垫（Repose）的最大压力最低，在减轻无精打采或下滑时的高压方面明显优于其他座垫。
