Ostreĭkov I F, Pivovarov S A, Milenin V V, Shishkova M V, Vasil'ev Ia I
Anesteziol Reanimatol. 1999 May-Jun(3):12-4.
Thirty-four patients aged 5-14 years were observed, divided into age groups OF 5-8 and 8-14 years. Cardiovascular function was evaluated by central hemodynamic parameters and cardiointervalography. Changes in external respiration parameters were studied. The efficacy of premedication was assessed by objective parameters and by clinical signs. Each patient was examined 4 times at the following stages: 1) before premedication; 2) at the 10th min; 3) at the 20th min; and 4) at the 30th min. Oral premedication with dormicum in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg did not affect heart rate or arterial pressure. By the 20th min it notably decreased total peripheral resistance, significantly decreased the respiratory volume, increased respiration rate, and decreased sympathetic tone in younger children. In older children the premedication virtually did not affect total peripheral resistance and facilitated heart work, increased the respiratory volume, rarefied the respiratory rate, and did not affect the autonomic regulation balance. Younger children fell asleep without excitation or negativism; 35.2% developed psychomotor reactions. In older group the effect was good in 71.1% children, the rest had "apparitions" starting from the 17th min: doubling of the staff's faces, white spiders, or white moths.
观察了34名5至14岁的患者，分为5至8岁和8至14岁两个年龄组。通过中心血流动力学参数和心搏间期描记法评估心血管功能。研究了外呼吸参数的变化。通过客观参数和临床体征评估术前用药的疗效。每位患者在以下阶段接受4次检查：1）术前用药前；2）第10分钟时；3）第20分钟时；4）第30分钟时。口服0.5mg/kg剂量的多美康进行术前用药对心率或动脉血压没有影响。到第20分钟时，它显著降低了总外周阻力，显著降低了呼吸量，增加了呼吸频率，并降低了年幼儿童的交感神经张力。在年长儿童中，术前用药实际上并未影响总外周阻力，而是促进了心脏工作，增加了呼吸量，降低了呼吸频率，并且未影响自主调节平衡。年幼儿童入睡时没有兴奋或抵触情绪；35.2%出现了精神运动反应。在年长组中，71.1%的儿童效果良好，其余儿童从第17分钟开始出现“幻觉”：工作人员的脸加倍、白色蜘蛛或白色飞蛾。
