Luniewski M, Reigle J, White B
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.
Am J Crit Care. 1999 Sep;8(5):297-302.
Effective education of patients is an integral component in reducing hospital readmissions for patients with heart failure and in improving patients' quality of life.
To describe the use of a card sort method for determining the learning needs of patients with heart failure and the ability of nurses and physicians to accurately predict patients' self-determined needs.
Thirty patients were asked to sort 12 cards with questions related to the content of discharge teaching for patients with heart failure. The nurse and the physician caring for each patient were instructed to sort the cards independently to characterize the learning needs of the patient.
Patients most often selected the following as the most important educational topics: What is wrong with my heart? What is the future of my disease? and How will I know if my heart failure is getting worse? Physicians selected the identical top question as their patients did 17% of the time. Physicians matched any of their patients' top 3 choices 34% of the time. Questions selected as most important by patients were chosen by physicians as least important 13% of the time. Nurses chose the same top question as their patients did 23% of the time. Nurses matched any of their patients' top 3 choices 34% of the time. Nurses selected opposite choices from those of their patients 6% of the time.
The card sort method may be an effective tool to ascertain the individual learning needs of patients with heart failure.
对患者进行有效的教育是降低心力衰竭患者再次入院率及提高患者生活质量的一个重要组成部分。
描述使用卡片分类法来确定心力衰竭患者的学习需求，以及护士和医生准确预测患者自主需求的能力。
让30名患者对12张与心力衰竭患者出院指导内容相关的问题卡片进行分类。指导负责每位患者的护士和医生独立对卡片进行分类，以确定患者的学习需求。
患者最常选择的最重要教育主题如下：我的心脏怎么了？我的疾病未来会怎样？以及我如何知道我的心力衰竭是否正在恶化？医生与患者选择相同的首要问题的情况占17%。医生与患者的前三项选择中的任何一项相符的情况占34%。患者选择为最重要的问题，医生却选择为最不重要的情况占13%。护士与患者选择相同的首要问题的情况占23%。护士与患者的前三项选择中的任何一项相符的情况占34%。护士选择与患者相反选项的情况占6%。
卡片分类法可能是确定心力衰竭患者个体学习需求的有效工具。
