Ferren P M
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 1999 Jul;12(3):405-20. doi: 10.1023/A:1024749118463.
To examine the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and perceived self-efficacy (PSE), 98 Bosnian and Croatian refugees, ages 13-18, completed Bandura's Children's Multidimensional Scales of Perceived Self-Efficacy, which measure self-predicted social functioning in 9 areas. Through interviews, participants were categorized according to DSM-IV criteria as traumatized PTSD-positive, traumatized PTSD-negative, and nontraumatized. ANCOVAs showed PTSD-positive participants exhibit higher PSE than nontraumatized participants in 5 of 9 areas. No significant differences among 3 female groups were observed; however, nontraumatized boys demonstrated lower PSE than the 2 traumatized groups in 7 of 9 areas. Thus, PTSD did not have a negative impact on PSE in this cultural context. Furthermore, surviving traumatic experience and preserving social support networks may be protective factors for maintaining high levels of PSE.
为了研究创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）与自我效能感（PSE）之间的关系，98名年龄在13至18岁之间的波斯尼亚和克罗地亚难民完成了班杜拉的儿童自我效能感多维量表，该量表测量了9个领域的自我预测社会功能。通过访谈，参与者根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版标准被分为创伤后应激障碍阳性受创伤者、创伤后应激障碍阴性受创伤者和未受创伤者。协方差分析显示，创伤后应激障碍阳性参与者在9个领域中的5个领域表现出比未受创伤参与者更高的自我效能感。在3个女性组之间未观察到显著差异；然而，在9个领域中的7个领域，未受创伤的男孩表现出比2个受创伤组更低的自我效能感。因此，在这种文化背景下，创伤后应激障碍对自我效能感没有负面影响。此外，经历创伤后幸存下来并保持社会支持网络可能是维持高水平自我效能感的保护因素。
