Elklit Ask, Østergård Kjær Kamilla, Lasgaard Mathias, Palic Sabina
National Center for Psychotraumatology, University of Southern Denmark.
Torture. 2012;22(1):11-23.
Young refugees from the former Yugoslavia commonly testify to having been exposed to multiple, traumatic experiences, which may contribute to the development of serious mental health problems such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression. Using selfreport scales the present study investigated the prevalence of PTSD as well as factors associated with PTSD in a group of 119 Bosnian refugee youths (mean age 18.5). The group was special in that they had no right to seek asylum in the host country for the first couple of years of their stay. It is suspected that this circumstance had an effect on their wellbeing. Between 35-43% of the youth were found to be in the clinical range for a PTSD diagnosis. Female gender, problem-focused, and avoidant coping strategies, were significant predictors of PTSD. The protective effects of social support were, however, not observed for this group. There is a need for more studies, which address the factors that mediate and moderate effects of social support and effectiveness of different coping strategies in refugee youth dealing with different circumstances of the refugee experience.
来自前南斯拉夫的年轻难民普遍证实自己曾经历过多种创伤性事件,这些事件可能促使严重心理健康问题的出现,如创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)、焦虑和抑郁。本研究采用自我报告量表,对119名波斯尼亚难民青年(平均年龄18.5岁)群体中PTSD的患病率以及与PTSD相关的因素进行了调查。该群体的特殊之处在于,在其抵达东道国的头几年里他们没有寻求庇护的权利。据推测,这种情况对他们的幸福感产生了影响。研究发现,35%至43%的青年处于PTSD诊断的临床范围。女性、以问题为导向的应对策略和回避应对策略是PTSD的显著预测因素。然而,该群体未观察到社会支持的保护作用。需要开展更多研究,探讨在难民青年应对不同难民经历情况时,调节和缓和社会支持作用及不同应对策略有效性的因素。