Ashby F G, Isen A M, Turken A U
Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106, USA.
Psychol Rev. 1999 Jul;106(3):529-50. doi: 10.1037/0033-295x.106.3.529.
Positive affect systematically influences performance on many cognitive tasks. A new neuropsychological theory is proposed that accounts for many of these effects by assuming that positive affect is associated with increased brain dopamine levels. The theory predicts or accounts for influences of positive affect on olfaction, the consolidation of long-term (i.e., episodic) memories, working memory, and creative problem solving. For example, the theory assumes that creative problem solving is improved, in part, because increased dopamine release in the anterior cingulate improves cognitive flexibility and facilitates the selection of cognitive perspective.
积极情绪系统地影响许多认知任务的表现。本文提出了一种新的神经心理学理论，该理论通过假设积极情绪与大脑多巴胺水平升高有关来解释其中的许多影响。该理论预测或解释了积极情绪对嗅觉、长期（即情景）记忆巩固、工作记忆和创造性问题解决的影响。例如，该理论认为，创造性问题解决能力的提高部分是因为前扣带回中多巴胺释放增加提高了认知灵活性，并促进了认知视角的选择。
