Thong F S, Graham T E
Department of Human Biology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Ontario.
Can J Appl Physiol. 1999 Aug;24(4):317-36. doi: 10.1139/h99-025.
Exercise-associated reproductive disorders are frequently reported among recreationally active and elite female athletes. Although an association between exercise and menstrual disorders has been established, the mechanism by which exercise disrupts reproductive function remains unknown. Recent findings suggest that low energy availability rather than inadequate body fatness or exercise stress is likely the mechanism by which exercise impinges negatively on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis in female athletes. The peripheral signal that informs the neural network of energy availability remains unknown. The identification of the adipocyte-derived ob gene product, leptin, and subsequent findings of its association with reproduction in both rodents and humans, led to speculations that it may be involved in the interactions between nutrition and reproduction. This review article focuses on leptin's role in modulating reproduction, and in particular, as a peripheral signal of nutritional status that integrates adipose tissue, nutrition, and reproduction in female athletes.
运动相关的生殖障碍在经常进行休闲运动的女性运动员和精英女性运动员中屡有报道。尽管运动与月经紊乱之间的关联已得到证实，但运动干扰生殖功能的机制仍不清楚。最近的研究结果表明，能量供应不足而非体脂过少或运动压力，可能是运动对女运动员下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴产生负面影响的机制。告知神经网络能量供应情况的外周信号仍不明确。脂肪细胞衍生的ob基因产物瘦素的发现，以及随后在啮齿动物和人类中发现其与生殖的关联，引发了人们对其可能参与营养与生殖相互作用的猜测。这篇综述文章重点关注瘦素在调节生殖中的作用，特别是作为整合女性运动员脂肪组织、营养和生殖的营养状况外周信号的作用。
