Leske K L, Coon C N
Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA.
Poult Sci. 1999 Aug;78(8):1177-83. doi: 10.1093/ps/78.8.1177.
A study was conducted with adult Leghorn roosters to determine TMEn, dry matter digestibility, amino acid content and digestibility, and cellulose and hemicellulose content and digestibility of ethanol-extracted, low alpha-galactoside soybean meal (SBM). Results were compared to that of commercially available 47% CP SBM. Twenty-one roosters were utilized; seven roosters were precision-fed each of the two soybean meal treatments, and seven served as feed-deprived controls. Excreta were collected for 48 h after feeding. A second experiment compared the TMEn, as determined with roosters, to AMEn, as determined with male broiler chicks, of 44% and 47% CP SBM and three different ethanol extraction procedures to remove alpha-galactosides. The ethanol extraction procedure concentrated CP, gross energy, and TMEn. Dry matter digestibility of SBM increased from 52.1% (control SBM) to 63.3% (ethanol-extracted SBM) because of the ethanol extraction procedure. The average amino acid digestibility of ethanol-extracted SBM was 91.6%, compared to 88.0% for control SBM. The digestibility of methionine, alanine, valine, and lysine was improved by the ethanol extraction procedure. Total cellulose and hemicellulose digestion, measured as digestion of specific monosaccharide components, was increased by the ethanol extraction. The TMEn and AMEn values for the different control and extracted SBM were similar. These data indicate that the ethanol extraction of SBM to remove alpha-galactosides resulted in a product that is more protein and energy dense than commercial SBM. Advantages in digestion of amino acids and fiber may contribute to the increase in TMEn observed in both young and adult birds.
进行了一项以成年来航公鸡为对象的研究，以测定乙醇提取的低α-半乳糖苷豆粕（SBM）的真代谢能（TMEn）、干物质消化率、氨基酸含量及消化率，以及纤维素和半纤维素含量及消化率。将结果与市售的47%粗蛋白豆粕进行比较。使用了21只公鸡；七只公鸡分别精确饲喂两种豆粕处理中的一种，另外七只作为绝食对照。喂食后收集48小时的排泄物。第二项实验比较了用公鸡测定的44%和47%粗蛋白豆粕以及三种不同乙醇提取程序去除α-半乳糖苷后的TMEn与用雄性肉鸡雏测定的表观代谢能（AMEn）。乙醇提取程序提高了粗蛋白、总能和TMEn。由于乙醇提取程序，豆粕的干物质消化率从52.1%（对照豆粕）提高到63.3%（乙醇提取豆粕）。乙醇提取豆粕的平均氨基酸消化率为91.6%，而对照豆粕为88.0%。乙醇提取程序提高了蛋氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸和赖氨酸的消化率。以特定单糖成分的消化率衡量，总纤维素和半纤维素的消化率因乙醇提取而提高。不同对照和提取豆粕的TMEn和AMEn值相似。这些数据表明，乙醇提取豆粕以去除α-半乳糖苷得到的产品比市售豆粕的蛋白质和能量密度更高。氨基酸和纤维消化方面的优势可能有助于在幼鸟和成年鸟中观察到的TMEn增加。
