Wijk H, Berg S, Sivik L, Steen B
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Göteborg University, Sweden.
Aging (Milano). 1999 Jun;11(3):176-85.
The aim of the present study was to investigate color discrimination, color naming and color preference in a random sample of 80-year-old men and women. Knowledge of color perception in old age can be of value when using color contrast, cues and codes in the environment to promote orientation and function. The color naming test indicated that the colors white, black, yellow, red, blue and green promoted recognition to the highest degree among all subjects. A gender-related difference, in favor of women, occurred in naming five of the mixed colors. Women also used more varied color names than men. Color discrimination was easier in the red and yellow area than in the blue and green area. This result correlates positively with visual function on far sight, and negatively with diagnosis of a cataract. The preference order for seven colors put blue, green and red at the top, and brown at the bottom, hence agreeing with earlier studies, and indicating that the preference order for colors remains relatively stable also in old age. This result should be considered when designing environments for old people.
本研究的目的是调查80岁男性和女性随机样本中的颜色辨别、颜色命名和颜色偏好。在利用环境中的颜色对比、线索和代码来促进定向和功能时，了解老年人的颜色感知可能具有重要价值。颜色命名测试表明，白色、黑色、黄色、红色、蓝色和绿色在所有受试者中促进识别的程度最高。在命名五种混合颜色时出现了有利于女性的性别差异。女性使用的颜色名称也比男性更多样化。红色和黄色区域的颜色辨别比蓝色和绿色区域更容易。这一结果与远视视觉功能呈正相关，与白内障诊断呈负相关。七种颜色的偏好顺序将蓝色、绿色和红色排在首位，棕色排在末位，因此与早期研究一致，并表明颜色偏好顺序在老年时也相对稳定。在为老年人设计环境时应考虑这一结果。
