Fine D H, Furgang D, Bontá Y, DeVizio W, Volpe A R, Reynolds H, Zambon J J, Dunford R G
Dental Research Center, University of Dentistry and Medicine of New Jersey, Newark 07103, USA.
Am J Dent. 1998 Dec;11(6):259-70.
To compare the effect of a dentifrice containing 0.3% triclosan and 1100 ppm fluoride and a control dentifrice containing 1100 ppm fluoride on plaque, gingiva and the oral microflora in a long-term study simulating clinical usage.
159 subjects entered the clinical study and 80 were randomly selected to participate in the microbiological evaluation. 71 subjects completed the detailed evaluation of the oral microflora after 6 months use. Plaque was collected at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months, and examined by darkfield microscopy, Gram stain, immunofluorescence, and selective and non-selective media. Changes in antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined for the first 6-month period and for 6 months post-therapy for 68 subjects who completed the entire study. Susceptibilities of whole plaque samples and MIC values for two pre-designated common plaque organisms, A. viscosus and V. parvula were performed.
Multivariate ANOVA and non-parametric analyses revealed no statistical differences for any factor tested. No detrimental shifts were found in either; (1) the compositional make up of the normal flora, (2) the periodontopathic or cariogenic flora, or (3) the opportunistic flora in either group of dentifrice users. Both treatments resulted in decreases in Gram positive cocci over time. There was a reduction in spirochetes in the triclosan/fluoride group as compared to the control group. No overgrowth in opportunists, periodontal pathogens, or cariogenic flora was found in either group. No increase in the proportion of the whole plaque flora resistant to triclosan was found nor was an increase in the MIC values of either A. viscosus or V. parvula in either group. Overall, there appeared to be a general decrease in plaque bacteria in both groups over the course of the experiment.
在一项模拟临床使用的长期研究中，比较含0.3%三氯生和1100 ppm氟化物的牙膏与含1100 ppm氟化物的对照牙膏对牙菌斑、牙龈和口腔微生物群的影响。
159名受试者进入临床研究，随机选择80名参与微生物学评估。71名受试者在使用6个月后完成了口腔微生物群的详细评估。在基线、3个月和6个月时收集牙菌斑，并通过暗视野显微镜、革兰氏染色、免疫荧光以及选择性和非选择性培养基进行检查。对完成整个研究的68名受试者，在第一个6个月期间和治疗后6个月测定抗菌药敏性变化。对整个牙菌斑样本的药敏性以及两种预先指定的常见牙菌斑微生物黏性放线菌和微小韦荣球菌的最低抑菌浓度值进行了检测。
多变量方差分析和非参数分析显示，所测试的任何因素均无统计学差异。在任何一项中均未发现有害变化：（1）正常菌群的组成结构；（2）牙周病或致龋菌群；或（3）两组牙膏使用者中的机会性菌群。随着时间的推移，两种治疗方法均导致革兰氏阳性球菌减少。与对照组相比，三氯生/氟化物组的螺旋体减少。两组均未发现机会性致病菌、牙周病原体或致龋菌群过度生长。未发现对三氯生耐药的整个牙菌斑菌群比例增加，两组中黏性放线菌或微小韦荣球菌的最低抑菌浓度值也未增加。总体而言，在实验过程中，两组的牙菌斑细菌似乎都普遍减少。
