Rintamäki P T, Huhta E, Jokimäki J, Squires-Parsons D
Department of Population Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Sweden.
J Wildl Dis. 1999 Jul;35(3):603-7. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-35.3.603.
Leucocytozoon spp. and Trypanosoma spp. blood parasites in the redstart (Phoenicurus phoenicurus) were studied during spring migration 1994 in southern Finland (53 individuals) and the breeding season 1992-1994 in northern Finland (69). Parasite prevalence was higher during the breeding season (48%) than during the migration period (13%), with no age or sex differences in the breeding site birds. In both periods, redstarts were infected by the same blood parasites Leucocytozoon shaartusicum (46% prevalence at the breeding site and 71% during the migration period) and Trypanosoma avium, complex (58% and 43%, respectively). One individual at the breeding site had contracted L. dubreuili and one at the stop-over site had T. everetti. Our results may support the assumption that tissue-hidden parasites relapse during the breeding season when birds may have diminished immune response related to egg production and brood rearing. Another explanation could be that the high abundance of ornithophilic vectors enhance parasite transmission during breeding season in northern Finland.
1994年春季迁徙期间，在芬兰南部（53只个体）对红尾鸲（Phoenicurus phoenicurus）体内的住白细胞虫属（Leucocytozoon spp.）和锥虫属（Trypanosoma spp.）血液寄生虫进行了研究，并于1992 - 1994年繁殖季节在芬兰北部（69只个体）开展了此项研究。繁殖季节的寄生虫感染率（48%）高于迁徙期（13%），在繁殖地的鸟类中不存在年龄或性别差异。在这两个时期，红尾鸲均感染了相同的血液寄生虫——沙氏住白细胞虫（Leucocytozoon shaartusicum，繁殖地感染率为46%，迁徙期为71%）和鸟锥虫复合体（Trypanosoma avium，分别为58%和43%）。繁殖地有一只个体感染了杜氏住白细胞虫（L. dubreuili），中途停歇地有一只感染了埃氏锥虫（T. everetti）。我们的结果可能支持这样一种假设，即隐匿于组织中的寄生虫在繁殖季节复发，此时鸟类可能因产卵和育雏而免疫反应减弱。另一种解释可能是，嗜鸟性媒介数量众多，在芬兰北部繁殖季节促进了寄生虫传播。
