Mensink G B, Ziese T, Kok F J
Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Int J Epidemiol. 1999 Aug;28(4):659-66. doi: 10.1093/ije/28.4.659.
Intensity, frequency and duration of physical activity may contribute in different ways to the maintenance of cardiovascular health. Their relative importance may also change at different stages in life and this should be taken into account for activity recommendations.
The relationship of frequency and duration of leisure-time physical activities with cardiovascular risk factors was studied in 4942 male and 5885 female participants aged 50-69, of the German Cardiovascular Prevention Study (1984-1991).
After adjustment for several possible confounders, women with modest levels (2-12 times per month, 0.5-2 h per week) of moderate-to-vigorous activity (> or =5 kcal/kg/h) had significantly lower systolic blood pressure (-1.8%), resting heart rate (-3.1%) and body mass index (-3.2%) values than sedentary women. Beneficial differences increased with frequency and duration of activity. Light activities (3-4.5 kcal/kg/h), conducted > or =5 times a week, were significantly associated with favourable lower diastolic blood pressure (-1.4%), resting heart rate (-2.3%) among women, and body mass index (women -2.9%, men -2.2%) among both genders. Recommended activity levels (> or =5 times, > or =3.5 h weekly) were associated with a lower prevalence of multiple risk factors (odds ratio [OR] = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.41-0.75 for men and OR = 0.44 95% CI: 0.31-0.63 for women).
For sedentary elderly, even less physical activity than currently recommended, is likely to improve the cardiovascular risk profile.
体育活动的强度、频率和持续时间可能以不同方式有助于维持心血管健康。它们的相对重要性在生命的不同阶段也可能发生变化，在制定活动建议时应考虑到这一点。
在德国心血管预防研究（1984 - 1991年）中，对4942名年龄在50 - 69岁的男性和5885名女性参与者进行了休闲体育活动的频率和持续时间与心血管危险因素之间关系的研究。
在对多个可能的混杂因素进行调整后，进行中度至剧烈活动（≥5千卡/千克/小时）且活动水平适中（每月2 - 12次，每周0.5 - 2小时）的女性，其收缩压（-1.8%）、静息心率（-3.1%）和体重指数（-3.2%）值显著低于久坐不动的女性。有益差异随着活动频率和持续时间的增加而增大。每周进行≥5次的轻度活动（3 - 4.5千卡/千克/小时），与女性较低的舒张压（-1.4%）、静息心率（-2.3%）以及男女较低的体重指数（女性-2.9%，男性-2.2%）显著相关。推荐的活动水平（≥5次，每周≥3.5小时）与多种危险因素的较低患病率相关（男性的比值比[OR]=0.55，95%置信区间：0.41 - 0.75；女性的OR = 0.44，95%置信区间：0.31 - 0.63）。
对于久坐不动的老年人，即使比目前推荐的运动量少，也可能改善心血管风险状况。
