Rotstein D S, Thomas R, Helmick K, Citino S B, Taylor S K, Dunbar M R
Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission, Naples 34104, USA.
J Zoo Wildl Med. 1999 Jun;30(2):281-4.
Three free-ranging Florida panthers (Felis concolor coryi) were diagnosed with clinical dermatophytosis; two were infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and one was infected with Microsporum gypseum. Two of these panthers were juvenile males that were diagnosed with focal to focally coalescing dermatophytosis; one caused by M. gypseum and the other by T. mentagrophytes. These animals were not treated, and clinical signs resolved spontaneously over 6 mo. The third panther, an adult male from southern Florida, presented with a diffuse dermatophytosis due to T. mentagrophytes infection. Initially, the panther had alopecia, excoriations, ulcerations, and multifocal pyoderma of the head, ears, neck, rear limbs, and abdominal region that progressed to lichenification of the skin and loss of nails from two digits. When topical therapy applied in the field at 45-day intervals was ineffective in clearing the infection, the animal was placed in captivity for intensive oral therapy to prevent further development of dermal mycosis, loss of additional nails, and spread of infection to other panthers. The panther was treated orally with itraconazole (9.5 mg/ kg) in the food s.i.d. for 6 wk. After treatment, nail regrowth occurred but the multifocal areas of alopecia remained. The panther was released back into the wild after two skin biopsy cultures were negative for fungal growth. Temporary removal of a free-ranging animal of an endangered species from its habitat for systemic treatment of dermatophytosis requires consideration of factors such as age, reproductive potential, holding facilities, treatment regimen, and the potential for successful reintroduction of the animal.
三只佛罗里达美洲狮（Felis concolor coryi）被诊断患有临床皮肤癣菌病；两只感染了须癣毛癣菌，一只感染了石膏样小孢子菌。其中两只美洲狮是幼年雄性，被诊断患有局灶性至融合性皮肤癣菌病；一只由石膏样小孢子菌引起，另一只由须癣毛癣菌引起。这些动物未接受治疗，临床症状在6个月内自行消退。第三只美洲狮是一只来自佛罗里达州南部的成年雄性，因须癣毛癣菌感染出现弥漫性皮肤癣菌病。最初，这只美洲狮头部、耳朵、颈部、后肢和腹部出现脱毛、擦伤、溃疡和多灶性脓皮病，进而发展为皮肤苔藓化，两个脚趾的指甲脱落。当每隔45天在野外进行局部治疗无法清除感染时，这只动物被圈养起来进行强化口服治疗，以防止皮肤真菌病进一步发展、更多指甲脱落以及感染传播给其他美洲狮。这只美洲狮在食物中口服伊曲康唑（9.5毫克/千克），每天一次，持续6周。治疗后，指甲重新生长，但多灶性脱毛区域仍然存在。在两次皮肤活检培养真菌生长呈阴性后，这只美洲狮被放归野外。将一只濒危物种的自由放养动物暂时从其栖息地移走进行皮肤癣菌病的全身治疗，需要考虑年龄、繁殖潜力、饲养设施、治疗方案以及动物成功重新引入的可能性等因素。
