Dovedova E L, Gershteĭn L M, Nikol'skaia K A
Brain Research Institute, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow.
Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 1999 Mar-Apr;49(2):331-7.
The state of neurotransmitter systems was studied in the groups of Wistar rats discriminated by striving for alcohol and rejecting it after the information load (alimentary instrumental conditioning in a labyrinth). The specific activities of neurotransmitter metabolizing enzymes (MAO A and B, acetylcholinesterase, and acetylcholinetransferase) and the content of biogenic amines and their metabolites (serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, noradrenaline, and dopamine) were measured in homogenates and subfractions of sensorimotor cortex and caudate nucleus. It was found out that the biochemical indices correlated with cognitive abilities of animals. Stress-resistant rats, which were capable for acquisition of the complex skill, refused alcohol after the information load and were characterized by activation of the brain neurotransmitter systems. The rats, which were unable to fulfill the cognitive task, began to abuse alcohol and were characterized by suppression of the neurotransmitter systems. It seems possible that the brain neurotransmitter metabolism adequately reflects the characteristics of the higher nervous activity of animals and their resistance to alcohol.
在通过对酒精的喜好和在信息负荷（迷宫中的食物性工具性条件反射）后对酒精的排斥来区分的Wistar大鼠组中，研究了神经递质系统的状态。在感觉运动皮层和尾状核的匀浆和亚组分中，测量了神经递质代谢酶（MAO A和B、乙酰胆碱酯酶和乙酰胆碱转移酶）的比活性以及生物胺及其代谢产物（血清素、5-羟吲哚乙酸、去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺）的含量。结果发现，生化指标与动物的认知能力相关。抗应激大鼠能够习得复杂技能，在信息负荷后拒绝酒精，其特征是脑神经递质系统的激活。无法完成认知任务的大鼠开始酗酒，其特征是神经递质系统受到抑制。脑内神经递质代谢似乎有可能充分反映动物高级神经活动的特征及其对酒精的耐受性。
