Sadir A M, Zamorano P I, Romera A, Wigdorovitz A, Smitsaart E, Marangunich L, Schiappacassi C, Borca M V
Instituto de Virología, CICV, INTA-Castelar, Pcia., Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1999 Jul 1;69(1):11-22. doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(99)00035-5.
The epidemiological analysis of the cattle population during the eradication plan of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in Argentina clearly indicated a higher incidence of the disease in animals within their first year of age. It is important to improve the efficacy of the vaccination in those animals. In a previous report, we have shown the effect of an immunomodulator, Avridine (Avr), in the enhancement of the immune response elicited by FMD virus (FMDV) vaccines in experimental hosts [Berinstein, A., Pérez Filgueira, M., Schudel, A., Zamorano, P., Borca, M., Sadir, A.M., 1993. Avridine and LPS from Brucella ovis: effect on the memory induced by foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccination in mice. Vaccine 11, 1295-1301]. In this report, we analyze the effect of Avr in the improvement of the anti-FMDV immune response elicited in young animals immunized with a tetravalent vaccine. The anti-FMDV antibody response was evaluated using a liquid-phase blocking sandwich ELISA (LPBE) [Smitsaart, E.N., Zanelli, M., Rivera, I., Fondevila, N., Compaired, D., Maradei, E., Bianchi, T., O'Donnell, V., Schudel, A.A., 1998. Assessment using ELISA of the herd immunity levels induced in cattle by foot and mouth disease oil vaccines. Prev. Vet. Med 33, 283-296] while the cellular response was detected using an antigen specific lymphoproliferative test [Zamorano, P., Wigdorovitz, A., Chaher, M., Fernández, F., Sadir, A., Borca, M., 1994. Localization of B and T cell epitopes on a synthetic peptide containing the major immunogenic site of FMDV O1 Campos. Virology 201, 383-387]. The results show that, while no differences were detected in the cellular response, the anti-FMDV antibody reaction was significantly (<0.05) higher in animals immunized with the immunogen containing Avr. At 90 days post vaccination, 89-100% of the animals immunized with Avr presented predicted protection (PP) higher than 82% while just 50-61% of the animals immunized with vaccine without immunomodulator presented that characteristic. Also, it is shown that the increase in the anti-FMDV antibody titre in animals immunized with the vaccine containing Avr was mediated by an increase in the levels of both IgG1 and IgG2 which presented a significative correlation with LPELISA antibodies titres. It is concluded that the addition of Avr in the FMDV vaccines improve the immune status of the calves, the cattle population that suffers the highest epidemiological risk.
在阿根廷口蹄疫（FMD）根除计划期间对牛群进行的流行病学分析清楚地表明，一岁以内的动物该病发病率更高。提高这些动物的疫苗接种效果很重要。在之前的一份报告中，我们已经展示了一种免疫调节剂阿夫立定（Avr）在增强实验宿主中口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）疫苗引发的免疫反应方面的作用[贝林斯坦，A.，佩雷斯·菲尔盖拉，M.，舒德尔，A.，萨莫拉诺，P.，博尔卡，M.，萨迪尔，A.M.，1993年。来自绵羊布鲁氏菌的阿夫立定和脂多糖：对口蹄疫病毒疫苗接种诱导的小鼠记忆的影响。《疫苗》11，1295 - 1301页]。在本报告中，我们分析了阿夫立定对用四价疫苗免疫的幼龄动物中抗FMDV免疫反应改善情况的影响。使用液相阻断夹心ELISA（LPBE）[斯米茨萨特，E.N.，扎内利，M.，里韦拉，I.，丰德维拉，N.，康帕雷德，D.，马拉德伊厄，E.，比安基，T.，奥多内尔，V.，舒德尔，A.A.，1998年。用ELISA评估口蹄疫油佐剂疫苗在牛群中诱导的群体免疫水平。《预防兽医学》33，283 - 296页]评估抗FMDV抗体反应，同时使用抗原特异性淋巴细胞增殖试验[萨莫拉诺，P.，维格多罗维茨，A.，查埃尔，M.，费尔南德斯，F.，萨迪尔，A.，博尔卡，M.，1994年。B和T细胞表位在含FMDV O1坎波斯主要免疫原性位点的合成肽上的定位。《病毒学》201，383 - 387页]检测细胞反应。结果表明，虽然在细胞反应中未检测到差异，但在用含阿夫立定的免疫原免疫的动物中，抗FMDV抗体反应显著（<0.05）更高。在接种疫苗后90天，用阿夫立定免疫的动物中有89 - 100%呈现出预测保护（PP）高于82%，而在用不含免疫调节剂的疫苗免疫的动物中只有50 - 61%呈现出该特征。此外，还表明在用含阿夫立定的疫苗免疫的动物中抗FMDV抗体滴度的增加是由IgG1和IgG2水平的增加介导的，这两者与LPBE ELISA抗体滴度呈现出显著相关性。得出的结论是，在FMDV疫苗中添加阿夫立定可改善犊牛的免疫状态，犊牛群体是流行病学风险最高的牛群。
