Cabrera de León A, Almeida González D, Pérez Méndez L, Carrillo Fernández L, Cueto Serrano M, Real Valcárcel E, Borges Álamo C
Unidad de Investigación del Hospital de la Candelaria y Atención Primaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 38010, España.
Gac Sanit. 1999 Jul-Aug;13(4):270-4. doi: 10.1016/s0213-9111(99)71368-3.
The tobacco smoking epidemic is causing more deaths than anyone before. Young population is the main aim of tobacco advertisements. We estimated the prevalence of tobacco use among adolescents and their environment, the agreement of questionnaire and serum cotinine and the total prevalence of exposure (active plus pasive).
Cross-sectional study in 439 highschool students. We obtained a blood sample and anonimously inquired about their tobacco consumption and the existence of smokers in their environment. We analized the agreement between both methods.
56% have ever smoked tobacco. Declared prevalence of consumption was 34% (CI95%= 29.49-38.51), being 40% among girls and 23% among boys. The agreement between cotinine and declaration was high only in voluntary smokers (Kappa = 0.68 for 1 o more cigarettes/day and Kappa = 0.76 for 10 or more cigarettes/day). Smoking prevalence of the famliy, friends and school among smokers was higher (80%, 71% and 88%, respectively) than among non smokers (65%, 24% and 78%). Combining questionnaire and cotinine it was estimated that total prevalence of exposure was larger than 64%.
The high prevalence of exposure and the asociation of tobacco smoking among adolescents and their environment demands an educational program against tobacco including family, social and school environments. The agreement between declaration and serum cotinine is high only when consumption is daily.
吸烟流行导致的死亡人数比以往任何时候都多。年轻人群是烟草广告的主要目标对象。我们估计了青少年中的烟草使用情况及其环境、问卷与血清可替宁的一致性以及暴露（主动加被动）的总患病率。
对439名高中生进行横断面研究。我们采集了血样，并匿名询问他们的烟草消费情况以及其环境中吸烟者的存在情况。我们分析了两种方法之间的一致性。
56%的人曾经吸烟。报告的消费患病率为34%（95%置信区间=29.49 - 38.51），女孩为40%，男孩为23%。可替宁与报告之间的一致性仅在自愿吸烟者中较高（每天吸1支或更多香烟时Kappa = 0.68，每天吸10支或更多香烟时Kappa = 0.76）。吸烟者家庭、朋友和学校中的吸烟患病率（分别为80%、71%和88%）高于非吸烟者（分别为65%、24%和78%）。结合问卷和可替宁估计，暴露的总患病率超过64%。
青少年及其环境中暴露的高患病率以及吸烟的关联性要求开展一项针对烟草的教育计划，包括家庭、社会和学校环境。仅当每日消费时，报告与血清可替宁之间的一致性才较高。
