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The third generation oral contraceptive controversy. The evidence shows they are less safe than second generation pills.第三代口服避孕药之争。证据表明，它们不如第二代避孕药安全。
BMJ. 1999 Sep 25;319(7213):795-6. doi: 10.1136/bmj.319.7213.795.
2
Safety of oral contraceptives for teenagers. ACOG Committee opinion: Committee on Adolescent Health Care number 90--February 1991.青少年口服避孕药的安全性。美国妇产科医师学会委员会意见：青少年保健委员会第90号——1991年2月。
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1992 Apr;37(4):309-12.
3
Controversy over new data on oral contraceptives. GPs were swamped by calls.口服避孕药新数据引发争议。全科医生接到大量电话。
BMJ. 1995 Nov 4;311(7014):1228-9. doi: 10.1136/bmj.311.7014.1228d.
4
FDA opens door for emergency contraception.美国食品药品监督管理局为紧急避孕药敞开大门。
AVSC News. 1997 Summer;35(2):7.
5
Update on oral contraceptive pills.口服避孕药最新情况
Am Fam Physician. 1999 Nov 1;60(7):2073-84.
6
Oral contraception and risk of a cerebral thromboembolic attack: results of a case-control study.口服避孕药与脑栓塞发作风险：一项病例对照研究的结果
BMJ. 1993 Apr 10;306(6883):956-63. doi: 10.1136/bmj.306.6883.956.
7
Warnings on venous thromboembolism risks may have been premature. New data may lead to change in use of third-generation OCs.
Contracept Technol Update. 1997 Dec;18(12):145-8.
8
Venous and arterial thrombosis during oral contraceptive use: risks and risk factors.口服避孕药使用期间的静脉和动脉血栓形成：风险及危险因素
Semin Vasc Med. 2003 Feb;3(1):69-84. doi: 10.1055/s-2003-38334.
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[Risk of breast cancer and oral contraceptives].[乳腺癌与口服避孕药的风险]
Z Lymphol. 1991 Jun;15(1):1-12.
10
The risks of oral contraceptive pills.口服避孕药的风险。
Semin Reprod Med. 2001 Dec;19(4):305-12. doi: 10.1055/s-2001-18638.

引用本文的文献

1
Symmetrical analysis of risk-benefit.风险效益对称分析。
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2012 Nov;74(5):757-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04265.x.
2
Competing interests and controversy about third generation oral contraceptives. BMJ readers should know whose words they read.第三代口服避孕药的利益冲突与争议。《英国医学杂志》的读者应该清楚他们所读内容出自何人之口。
BMJ. 2000 Feb 5;320(7231):381-2.

本文引用的文献

1
Admission for and mortality from primary venous thromboembolism in women of fertile age in Denmark, 1977-95.1977 - 1995年丹麦育龄妇女原发性静脉血栓栓塞症的入院情况及死亡率
BMJ. 1999 Sep 25;319(7213):820-1. doi: 10.1136/bmj.319.7213.820.
2
Venous thromboembolism among new users of different oral contraceptives.不同口服避孕药新使用者中的静脉血栓栓塞
Lancet. 1999 Jul 10;354(9173):127-8. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(99)01257-x.
3
Oral contraceptives and myocardial infarction: results of the MICA case-control study.口服避孕药与心肌梗死：MICA病例对照研究结果
BMJ. 1999 Jun 12;318(7198):1579-83. doi: 10.1136/bmj.318.7198.1579.
4
Oral contraceptives and venous thromboembolism. A case-control study.口服避孕药与静脉血栓栓塞。一项病例对照研究。
Contraception. 1998 May;57(5):291-301. doi: 10.1016/s0010-7824(98)00033-x.
5
Newer oral contraceptives and the risk of venous thromboembolism.新型口服避孕药与静脉血栓栓塞风险
Contraception. 1998 Mar;57(3):169-81. doi: 10.1016/s0010-7824(98)00014-6.
6
The use of oral contraceptives and the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction in young women. Results from the Transnational Study on Oral Contraceptives and the Health of Young Women.口服避孕药的使用与年轻女性急性心肌梗死的发生。口服避孕药与年轻女性健康跨国研究的结果。
Contraception. 1997 Sep;56(3):129-40. doi: 10.1016/s0010-7824(97)00118-2.
7
Acute myocardial infarction and combined oral contraceptives: results of an international multicentre case-control study. WHO Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception.急性心肌梗死与复方口服避孕药：一项国际多中心病例对照研究的结果。世界卫生组织心血管疾病与甾体激素避孕协作研究
Lancet. 1997 Apr 26;349(9060):1202-9.
8
Third generation oral contraceptives and risk of venous thromboembolic disorders: an international case-control study. Transnational Research Group on Oral Contraceptives and the Health of Young Women.第三代口服避孕药与静脉血栓栓塞性疾病风险：一项国际病例对照研究。口服避孕药与年轻女性健康跨国研究小组。
BMJ. 1996 Jan 13;312(7023):83-8. doi: 10.1136/bmj.312.7023.83.
9
Enhancement by factor V Leiden mutation of risk of deep-vein thrombosis associated with oral contraceptives containing a third-generation progestagen.携带第三代孕激素的口服避孕药所致深静脉血栓形成风险因凝血因子V莱顿突变而增加。
Lancet. 1995 Dec 16;346(8990):1593-6. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91929-5.
10
Risk of idiopathic cardiovascular death and nonfatal venous thromboembolism in women using oral contraceptives with differing progestagen components.使用含不同孕激素成分口服避孕药的女性发生特发性心血管死亡和非致命性静脉血栓栓塞的风险。
Lancet. 1995 Dec 16;346(8990):1589-93. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91928-7.

The third generation oral contraceptive controversy. The evidence shows they are less safe than second generation pills.

作者信息

O'Brien P A

出版信息

BMJ. 1999 Sep 25;319(7213):795-6. doi: 10.1136/bmj.319.7213.795.

DOI:10.1136/bmj.319.7213.795
PMID:10496802
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1116644/
Abstract
摘要