Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1992 Apr;37(4):309-12.
By age 18, 51% of adolescent women will be sexually active. Oral contraceptives are a safe method to avoid the potentially disastrous outcome of an unwanted pregnancy. The overall risks of taking oral contraceptives are much less than the risks of pregnancy (20). Specifically, the risks associated with the use of oral contraceptives by teenagers are negligible. Low-dose oral contraceptives have not been linked with either heart attack or stroke in contemporary U.S. studies. While the risk of thromboembolism in oral contraceptive users as a whole may be increased over that of the general population, the risk to teenagers, especially those who do not smoke, is minimal. The risk of death from oral contraceptive use for teenagers is virtually nil (12). As with all medical choices, the benefits of a treatment must be weighed against any potential risks. For adolescents, the benefits associated with the use of oral contraceptives outweight the risks, particularly those of pregnancy. However, teenagers at risk for sexually transmitted diseases should be advised to use a barrier method along with oral contraceptives.
到18岁时，51%的青春期女性会有性行为。口服避孕药是一种安全的方法，可避免意外怀孕带来的潜在灾难性后果。服用口服避孕药的总体风险远低于怀孕风险（20）。具体而言，青少年使用口服避孕药的风险可忽略不计。在美国当代研究中，低剂量口服避孕药与心脏病发作或中风均无关联。虽然口服避孕药使用者发生血栓栓塞的风险总体上可能高于普通人群，但对青少年，尤其是不吸烟的青少年来说，风险极小。青少年因使用口服避孕药而死亡的风险几乎为零（12）。与所有医疗选择一样，必须权衡治疗的益处与任何潜在风险。对青少年而言，使用口服避孕药的益处大于风险，尤其是对怀孕风险而言。然而，应建议有性传播疾病风险的青少年在使用口服避孕药的同时采用屏障避孕法。
