Mehrara B J, Longaker M T
Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Repair, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016, USA.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1999 Sep;36(5):377-87. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_1999_036_0377_ndicsr_2.3.co_2.
The recent explosion in our understanding of developmental biology and genetics has enhanced our understanding of craniofacial biology. While it is not possible to summarize all new developments in craniofacial research, this article will review three areas: fetal models and surgery for craniofacial disorders, the biology of distraction osteogenesis, and the molecular mechanisms of cranial suture fusion. Numerous models of craniofacial disorders have been described, including small, short gestation and large, long gestation. The benefits and shortcomings of each are discussed. In addition, we discuss recent studies investigating the molecular mechanisms of mandibular distraction osteogenesis. Finally, we present a review of recent advances in the understanding of mechanisms of craniosynostosis, with particular emphasis on the biology of programmed cranial suture fusion in rodents.
近年来，我们对发育生物学和遗传学的认识有了巨大飞跃，这增进了我们对颅面生物学的理解。虽然不可能概括颅面研究的所有新进展，但本文将回顾三个领域：颅面疾病的胎儿模型与手术、牵张成骨生物学以及颅骨缝融合的分子机制。已经描述了多种颅面疾病模型，包括小型、妊娠期短的模型以及大型、妊娠期长的模型。文中讨论了每种模型的优缺点。此外，我们还讨论了近期关于下颌骨牵张成骨分子机制的研究。最后，我们综述了颅骨缝早闭机制理解方面的最新进展，特别强调了啮齿动物中程序性颅骨缝融合的生物学特性。
