Birch J
Applied Vision Research Laboratory, Department of Optometry and Visual Science, City University, London, United Kingdom.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1999 Sep;70(9):897-901.
The Holmes-Wright lantern (Type A) is an approved occupational color vision test for airline pilots in the European Economic Community and for specific occupations in the British Armed Forces. The colors shown are red, green and white signal lights.
The Holmes-Wright lantern is a sensitive screening test for red-green color deficiency in photopic viewing and the pass/fail level is similar to that of the Farnsworth Lantern (Falant) if the same scoring method is applied.
There were 138 color deficient subjects identified with the Ishihara plates and diagnosed with the Nagel anomaloscope, completed a color vision test battery which included three runs of the nine color pairs of the Holmes-Wright lantern at high brightness in normal room illumination.
Screening sensitivity on a single error was found to be 97% compared with the Ishihara plates. Using the Falant scoring method, 20 subjects passed. These were 1 deuteranope, 2 protanomalous trichromats and 17 deuteranomalous trichromats (22% of 88 anomalous trichromats). The mean error score was greater for protans than for deutans but the mean number of qualitative error categories was smaller. Green/white confusions were the most frequent errors. It was not possible to predict who would pass the lantern test from other test results but all subjects with a Nagel anomaloscope matching range > 15 scale units who failed the Farnsworth D15 test or were grading as moderate/severe with the American Optical Company (Hardy, Rand and Rittler) plates failed.
The Holmes-Wright lantern is a sensitive screening test for red-green color deficiency. Although a similar percentage of anomalous trichromats fail the Holmes-Wright lantern as fail the Falant, if the same scoring method is used, the superior correlation between the Holmes-Wright result and other color vision tests designed to grade the severity of color deficiency suggests that the two lantern results are not equivalent.
霍姆斯 - 赖特灯（A型）是欧洲经济共同体中航空公司飞行员以及英国武装部队特定职业认可的职业色觉测试工具。所显示的颜色为红色、绿色和白色信号灯。
霍姆斯 - 赖特灯是明视觉下红绿色觉缺陷的敏感筛查测试，如果采用相同的评分方法，其通过/未通过水平与法恩斯沃思灯（法兰特）相似。
138名经石原氏色盲测验鉴定为色觉缺陷且经纳格尔色盲检查仪诊断的受试者，在正常室内照明下，以高亮度完成了一组色觉测试，其中包括对霍姆斯 - 赖特灯的九对颜色进行三轮测试。
与石原氏色盲测验相比，单次错误的筛查敏感度为97%。采用法兰特评分方法时，20名受试者通过。其中有1名红色盲、2名红色弱和17名绿色弱（88名异常三色视者中的22%）。红色弱患者的平均错误分数高于绿色弱患者，但定性错误类别的平均数量较少。绿色/白色混淆是最常见的错误。无法根据其他测试结果预测谁能通过灯箱测试，但所有纳格尔色盲检查仪匹配范围>15个刻度单位、法恩斯沃思D15测试未通过或美国光学公司（哈迪、兰德和里特勒）色盲测试评为中度/重度的受试者均未通过。
霍姆斯 - 赖特灯是红绿色觉缺陷的敏感筛查测试。尽管异常三色视者中未通过霍姆斯 - 赖特灯测试的比例与未通过法兰特灯测试的比例相似，但如果使用相同的评分方法，霍姆斯 - 赖特灯测试结果与其他用于评估色觉缺陷严重程度的色觉测试之间的相关性更强，这表明两种灯箱测试结果并不等同。
