Sveinsdóttir H, Lundman B, Norberg A
Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
J Adv Nurs. 1999 Oct;30(4):916-25. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.01169.x.
Remarkably little empirical knowledge exists about premenstrual tension (PMT), a construct that has been studied intensively during the last 30 years. Practically nothing is known about the perceptions women have about PMT. The purpose of this study is to describe the perceptions healthy women have about PMT. Seventeen women, who had 4 years earlier participated in a concurrent diary study assessing the prevalence of PMT, were interviewed. The interviews were analysed by means of a qualitative content analysis. Four main categories describing the women's perceptions were formed: (1) individual experiences of phenomena referred to as PMT; (2) phenomena referred to as PMT reflect ordinary experiences in healthy women; (3) biopsychosocial explaining of phenomena referred to as PMT; (4) internal and external resources used to manage the variability of phenomena referred to as PMT. The content of these categories reflects the participants' perceptions of PMT as the common, normal and very variable experiences which women handle by the use of management strategies commonly used in contemporary society to deal with life in general. Experiences of women differ with respect to what they experience and the timing and persistence of those experiences. This the participants explain from a biopsychosocial perspective. It is suggested that women have adapted a medical term, PMT, to describe what they consider normal female phenomena.
关于经前紧张症（PMT），尽管在过去30年里人们对其进行了深入研究，但实证知识却非常匮乏。实际上，对于女性对经前紧张症的认知几乎一无所知。本研究的目的是描述健康女性对经前紧张症的认知。对17名女性进行了访谈，她们4年前曾参与一项同步日记研究，该研究评估了经前紧张症的患病率。通过定性内容分析法对访谈进行了分析。形成了描述女性认知的四个主要类别：（1）被称为经前紧张症的现象的个人经历；（2）被称为经前紧张症的现象反映了健康女性的普通经历；（3）对被称为经前紧张症的现象的生物心理社会解释；（4）用于应对被称为经前紧张症的现象的变化的内部和外部资源。这些类别的内容反映了参与者对经前紧张症的认知，即女性将其视为常见、正常且变化很大的经历，并通过当代社会普遍用于应对一般生活的管理策略来处理这些经历。女性的经历在她们所经历的事情以及这些经历的时间和持续时间方面存在差异。参与者从生物心理社会角度对此进行了解释。有人认为，女性采用了医学术语“经前紧张症”来描述她们认为正常的女性现象。
