Chang M, Wennström J L, Odman P, Andersson B
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Göteborg University, Sweden.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 1999 Jun;10(3):185-94. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0501.1999.100301.x.
The aim of this study was to make a comparative evaluation of crown and soft tissue dimensions between implant-supported single-tooth replacements and the contralateral natural tooth. Twenty patients, who had been treated with an implant-supported single-tooth replacement in the esthetic zone of the maxillary jaw and had i) a non-restored contralateral natural tooth and ii) completed the implant-supported crown restoration at least 6 months prior to the scheduled follow-up examination, were included in the study. At the re-examination various variables describing crown form, soft tissue dimensions and soft tissue conditions were assessed. In addition, the patient's overall satisfaction with the esthetic outcome of the implant-supported single crown was scored using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). In 12 of the subjects clinical photographs were available from the time of crown insertion for evaluation of longitudinal alterations of the papilla height. The results revealed that, in comparison to the contralateral natural crown, the implant supported crown i) was longer, ii) had a smaller facio-lingual width, iii) was bordered by a thicker facial mucosa, iv) had a lower height of the distal papilla, v) showed a higher frequency of mucositis and bleeding on probing and vi) showed greater probing depths. The longitudinal evaluation of the papillae adjacent to the implant crown showed an improved proximal soft tissue fill at the follow-up examination. The VAS scoring of the patients' satisfaction with the appearance of their single implant-supported restorations revealed a median value of 96% with a range from 70 to 100%. Hence, observed differences in clinical crown height and soft tissue topography between implant-supported single-tooth replacements and the contralateral natural tooth may in most patients be of minor importance for the appreciation of the esthetic outcome of implant therapy.
本研究的目的是对种植体支持的单颗牙修复体与对侧天然牙的冠部和软组织尺寸进行比较评估。20名患者纳入本研究，这些患者在上颌美学区接受了种植体支持的单颗牙修复，且满足以下条件：i）对侧有未修复的天然牙；ii）在预定的随访检查前至少6个月完成了种植体支持的冠修复。在复查时，评估了描述冠形态、软组织尺寸和软组织状况的各种变量。此外，使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）对患者对种植体支持的单冠美学效果的总体满意度进行评分。12名受试者有冠植入时的临床照片，用于评估乳头高度的纵向变化。结果显示，与对侧天然牙冠相比，种植体支持的冠：i）更长；ii）颊舌宽度更小；iii）颊侧黏膜更厚；iv）远中乳头高度更低；v）探诊时黏膜炎和出血的发生率更高；vi）探诊深度更大。对种植体冠相邻乳头的纵向评估显示，随访检查时近端软组织填充有所改善。患者对单颗种植体支持修复体外观满意度的VAS评分显示，中位数为96%，范围为70%至100%。因此，在大多数患者中，种植体支持的单颗牙修复体与对侧天然牙在临床冠高度和软组织形态上的观察差异，对种植治疗美学效果的评价可能不太重要。
