Fredalina B D, Ridzwan B H, Abidin A A, Kaswandi M A, Zaiton H, Zali I, Kittakoop P, Jais A M
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangasaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Gen Pharmacol. 1999 Oct;33(4):337-40. doi: 10.1016/s0306-3623(98)00253-5.
Fatty acid profile from crude extracts of local sea cucumber Stichopus chloronotus was determined using gas chromatography (GC) technique. The extracts were prepared separately in methanol, ethanol, phosphate buffer saline (PBS), and distilled water as part of our study to look at the affinity of these solvents in extracting the lipid from sea cucumber. The PBS and distilled water extractions indicate water-soluble components, while the organic fractions are extracted in methanol and ethanol as organic solvents. Furthermore, water extraction is the conventional method practiced in Malaysia. In our analysis the C14:0 (myristic), C16:0 (palmitic), C18:0 (stearic), C18:2 (linoleic), C20:0 (arachidic), and C20:5 (eicosapentaenoic, EPA) were significantly different (p < 0.01) in the four solvent extractions. However, the PBS extraction contained a much higher percentage of EPA (25.69%) compared to 18.89% in ethanol, 7.84% in distilled water, and only 5.83% in methanol, and variances were significantly different (p < 0.01 ). On the other hand, C22:6 (docosahexaenoic acid or DHA) is much higher in water extraction (57.55%), in comparison to the others where only 3.63% in PBS and 1.20% in methanol, and this difference is significant at p < 0.01. No DHA was detected in ethanol extractions. Subsequently, C18:1 (oleic acid) was only detected in PBS (21.98%) and water extraction (7.50%). It is interesting that palmitic acid, C16:() was higher in methanol (20.82%) and ethanol (2.18%), while 12.55% was detected in PBS and only 2.20% in water extraction: and again this was significantly different at p < 0.01. Although our results have shown that all four solvents were different in terms of their ability to extract fatty acids, the major component for tissue repair was well preserved. Probably this is one of the important precocious steps when working with a delicate sea cucumber, in both experimental and/or at the preparative stages. Freshness of the sea cucumber samples is important when undertaking this type of experiment. Finally, we believe that the local sea cucumber S. chloronotus contains all the fatty acids required to play a potential active role in tissue repair.
采用气相色谱（GC）技术测定了当地绿刺参粗提物的脂肪酸谱。作为研究的一部分，分别用甲醇、乙醇、磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS）和蒸馏水制备提取物，以考察这些溶剂提取海参脂质的亲和力。PBS和蒸馏水提取物显示的是水溶性成分，而有机部分则用甲醇和乙醇作为有机溶剂进行提取。此外，水提法是马来西亚常用的传统方法。在我们的分析中，四种溶剂提取物中的C14:0（肉豆蔻酸）、C16:0（棕榈酸）、C18:0（硬脂酸）、C18:2（亚油酸）、C20:0（花生酸）和C20:5（二十碳五烯酸，EPA）存在显著差异（p<0.01）。然而，PBS提取物中EPA的含量要高得多（25.69%），相比之下，乙醇中为18.89%，蒸馏水中为7.84%，甲醇中仅为5.83%，差异具有统计学意义（p<0.01）。另一方面，水提取物中C22:6（二十二碳六烯酸或DHA）的含量要高得多（57.55%），而其他提取物中，PBS中为3.63%，甲醇中为1.20%，差异在p<0.01时具有统计学意义。乙醇提取物中未检测到DHA。随后，仅在PBS（21.98%）和水提取物（7.50%）中检测到C18:1（油酸）。有趣的是，棕榈酸（C16:0）在甲醇（20.82%）和乙醇（2.18%）中的含量较高，而在PBS中检测到的含量为12.55%，在水提取物中仅为2.20%：同样，差异在p<0.01时具有统计学意义。虽然我们的结果表明，所有四种溶剂在提取脂肪酸的能力方面存在差异，但组织修复的主要成分得到了很好的保留。在实验和/或制备阶段处理娇嫩的海参时，这可能是重要的早期步骤之一。进行此类实验时，海参样本的新鲜度很重要。最后，我们认为当地的绿刺参含有在组织修复中发挥潜在积极作用所需的所有脂肪酸。
