Ohri-Vachaspati P, Sehgal A R
Division of Nephrology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
J Ren Nutr. 1999 Oct;9(4):182-5. doi: 10.1016/s1051-2276(99)90031-6.
Poor appetite is an important barrier to adequate nutrition among hemodialysis patients. We sought to determine the relationship between overall appetite and (1) patient demographic and medical characteristics and (2) appetite for specific foods.
Cross-sectional study.
All 22 chronic hemodialysis units in northeast Ohio.
Two hundred ninety-eight randomly selected patents.
Interview and chart abstraction.
Overall patient appetite.
Of all patients, 12% reported poor overall appetite, 20% reported fair appetite, and 69% reported good appetite. There was no relationship between overall appetite and patient demographic (age, gender, race, education, health insurance) or medical (cause of renal failure, years on dialysis, number of comorbid conditions, Kt/V) characteristics. There was little relationship between overall appetite and appetite for 20 specific foods. Of 34 patients with poor overall appetite, 29 (85%) identified at least three specific protein foods for which they had good appetite and 28 (82%) identified at least three nonprotein foods for which they had good appetite.
Poor overall appetite is not associated with patient characteristics or appetite for specific foods. Most patients with poor overall appetite have good appetite for several specific foods. Helping patients increase the intake of these foods may be beneficial in improving nutritional status.
食欲不佳是血液透析患者获得充足营养的一个重要障碍。我们试图确定总体食欲与（1）患者人口统计学和医学特征以及（2）对特定食物的食欲之间的关系。
横断面研究。
俄亥俄州东北部的所有22个慢性血液透析单位。
298名随机选择的患者。
访谈和病历摘要。
患者总体食欲。
在所有患者中，12%报告总体食欲不佳，20%报告食欲一般，69%报告食欲良好。总体食欲与患者人口统计学特征（年龄、性别、种族、教育程度、医疗保险）或医学特征（肾衰竭原因、透析年限、合并症数量、Kt/V）之间没有关系。总体食欲与对20种特定食物的食欲之间关系不大。在34名总体食欲不佳的患者中，29名（85%）确定了至少三种他们食欲良好 的特定蛋白质食物，28名（82%）确定了至少三种他们食欲良好的非蛋白质食物。
总体食欲不佳与患者特征或对特定食物的食欲无关。大多数总体食欲不佳的患者对几种特定食物有良好的食欲。帮助患者增加这些食物的摄入量可能有助于改善营养状况。
