Myofascial pain syndrome: characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment.

Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is defined as a chronic muscle pain disorder associated with focal areas of exquisite tenderness called trigger points. It is a common cause of chronic orofacial pain and is commonly seen in patients with temporomandibular disorders. When stimulated, trigger points refer pain to surrounding areas, and the pain may resemble other conditions. Diagnosis of MPS is made by identifying trigger points and their associated pain referral pattern. Physical therapy maneuvers and injection are the most common and successful treatments. Eradication of trigger points can diminish or eliminate the pain associated with this syndrome.