Magnus L
Parke-Davis, Division of Warner-Lambert Company, Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, USA.
Epilepsia. 1999;40 Suppl 6:S66-72; discussion S73-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb00936.x.
For decades, antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have been used to treat a variety of nonepileptic conditions such as chronic pain, psychiatric disorders, and movement disorders. As indicated by recent published reports, gabapentin, a relatively new AED, is useful for treating a wide range of neurologic and psychiatric conditions. Although its exact mechanism of action has yet to be determined, gabapentin is likely to have multiple effects. Unlike conventional AEDs used to treat nonepileptic disorders (e.g., carbamazepine, phenytoin, valproate) gabapentin offers the advantages of low toxicity and a favorable side-effect profile. The largest area of nonepileptic use of gabapentin is neuropathic pain, in which it has demonstrated efficacy in treatment of postherpetic neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy, and trigeminal neuralgia. It has also been reported effective as therapy for several psychiatric disorders, most notably bipolar disorder. In addition, review of the published literature reveals the usefulness of gabapentin in movement disorders, migraine prophylaxis, and cocaine dependence. Future clinical studies will provide further insight into the range of conditions for which gabapentin is effective.
几十年来，抗癫痫药物（AEDs）一直被用于治疗各种非癫痫性疾病，如慢性疼痛、精神疾病和运动障碍。最近发表的报告表明，一种相对较新的抗癫痫药物加巴喷丁，可用于治疗多种神经和精神疾病。尽管其确切作用机制尚未确定，但加巴喷丁可能具有多种作用。与用于治疗非癫痫性疾病的传统抗癫痫药物（如卡马西平、苯妥英钠、丙戊酸盐）不同，加巴喷丁具有低毒性和良好的副作用特征。加巴喷丁在非癫痫性疾病中的最大应用领域是神经性疼痛，它已被证明对治疗带状疱疹后神经痛、糖尿病性神经病变和三叉神经痛有效。也有报道称其对几种精神疾病有效，最显著的是双相情感障碍。此外，对已发表文献的综述显示加巴喷丁在运动障碍、偏头痛预防和可卡因依赖方面也有用处。未来的临床研究将进一步深入了解加巴喷丁有效的疾病范围。
