Young A
Department of Social Sciences of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, P.Q., Canada.
J Hist Behav Sci. 1999 Fall;35(4):359-78. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1520-6696(199923)35:4<359::aid-jhbs3>3.0.co;2-9.
W. H. R. Rivers was the most famous member of the Cambridge Expedition to the Torres Strait. At the time, he was a physician and had an international reputation as a researcher in physiological psychology. The expedition signaled the beginning of his career in social anthropology, but also a long hiatus in his activities in medicine. His clinical interests revived during World War I. As an officer in the Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC), Rivers became a leading proponent of "psychological medicine." Today, his war-time psychiatry is remembered mainly in association with his patient, Siegfried Sassoon. This article focuses on his wartime activities, his clinical practices, and his theories concerning the war neuroses and the unconscious. The currently popular view of Rivers as a quasi-Freudian humanist is challenged.
W. H. R. 里弗斯是剑桥托雷斯海峡探险队最著名的成员。当时，他是一名医生，作为生理心理学领域的研究员享有国际声誉。这次探险标志着他社会人类学职业生涯的开端，但同时也使他在医学领域的活动长期中断。第一次世界大战期间，他的临床兴趣得以复苏。作为皇家陆军医疗队（RAMC）的一名军官，里弗斯成为了“心理医学”的主要支持者。如今，人们主要是将他战时的精神病学与他的病人西格弗里德·萨松联系在一起而记住他。本文聚焦于他的战时活动、临床实践以及他关于战争神经症和无意识的理论。目前将里弗斯视为准弗洛伊德式人文主义者的流行观点受到了挑战。
