Bartel-Friedrich S, Friedrich R E, Lautenschläger C, Moll R
Klinik für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenkrankheiten, Gesichts- und Halschirurgie, Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg.
Laryngorhinootologie. 1999 Sep;78(9):500-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-996916.
Extracellular matrix proteins (EMP) form the main components of basement membranes (BM) and associated structures. Basement membranes influence tissue structure, exchange of substances, and cell growth and differentiation. While BM changes have been reported in malignant tumors and in inflammatory diseases, systematic studies of BM changes following irradiation are rare. Because functional and histomorphological damage to the salivary glands is a well known sequela of radiotherapy in humans, our goal was to describe possible BM changes using an experimental model and immunohistochemistry (IH).
In 59 rat mandibular glands we investigated the distribution of EMP by IH. The animals differed in age from 3 months to 2 years and pre-treatment status (irradiation vs no irradiation). The analyses were performed at selected time points after completion of external irradiation (< 4 months [M]/> or = 4-6 M/> 6 M).
The polyclonal antibodies (anti-laminin [AL], anti-fibronectin [AF], anti-collagen III [AC-III], anti-collagen IV [AC-IV]) identified components of BM (laminin, collagen IV) and BM-associated structures (fibronectin, collagen III) in glandular tissue, in vascular walls, in nerve tissue, and the interstitial connective tissue. Various EMP were detected in different patterns. AL stained nerve tissue moderately and both different gland tissue structures and vascular walls (without adventitia) slightly, while excretory ducts and blood vessel adventitia were distinctly positive for AF. Fibronectin was also present in the connective tissue stroma. Significant differences were seen between irradiated and nonirradiated glands, often with generally stronger and more extensive staining in the irradiated group. For example most tissue structures showed distinctly increasing immunostaining for AL in positive correlation with increasing latency of irradiation up to 6 months. The age was of minor importance.
Previous irradiation has to be considered when interpreting the EMP profile of salivary gland tissue, especially in studies both on chronic degenerative diseases and tumor differentiation developing in an area that has undergone radiation therapy.
细胞外基质蛋白（EMP）构成基底膜（BM）及相关结构的主要成分。基底膜影响组织结构、物质交换以及细胞生长和分化。虽然在恶性肿瘤和炎症性疾病中已报道有基底膜变化，但关于辐射后基底膜变化的系统性研究却很少。由于涎腺的功能和组织形态学损伤是人类放射治疗众所周知的后遗症，我们的目标是使用实验模型和免疫组织化学（IH）来描述可能的基底膜变化。
我们通过IH研究了59只大鼠下颌腺中EMP的分布。这些动物年龄从3个月到2岁不等，且有预处理状态（照射与未照射）的差异。分析在外部照射完成后的选定时间点进行（<4个月[M]/≥4 - 6 M/>6 M）。
多克隆抗体（抗层粘连蛋白[AL]、抗纤连蛋白[AF]、抗胶原蛋白III[AC - III]、抗胶原蛋白IV[AC - IV]）在腺组织、血管壁、神经组织和间质结缔组织中识别出基底膜成分（层粘连蛋白、胶原蛋白IV）和与基底膜相关的结构（纤连蛋白、胶原蛋白III）。检测到各种EMP呈现不同模式。AL对神经组织染色中等，对不同的腺组织结构和血管壁（无外膜）染色轻微，而排泄管和血管外膜对AF呈明显阳性。纤连蛋白也存在于结缔组织基质中。照射组和未照射组之间存在显著差异，照射组的染色通常更强且更广泛。例如，大多数组织结构显示AL的免疫染色明显增加，与照射后延迟时间增加至6个月呈正相关。年龄的影响较小。
在解释涎腺组织的EMP谱时，必须考虑先前的照射情况，尤其是在对慢性退行性疾病以及放疗区域发生的肿瘤分化进行研究时。
