Wilson A E, Calhoun K S, Bernat J A
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-3013, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1999 Oct;67(5):705-10. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.67.5.705.
This study used experimental methodology to investigate the differential impact of various levels of sexual victimization on women's perceptions of risk and evaluative judgments of sexual assault within a dating interaction. Single- and multiple-incident victims were compared with nonvictims. Results supported the hypothesis that revictimized women would exhibit longer latencies than either single-incident victims or nonvictims in signaling that an audiotaped date rape should be halted. Revictimized women with greater posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, arousal symptoms in particular, exhibited latencies similar to those of nonvictims, whereas revictimized women with lower levels of PTSD symptoms had significantly longer latencies. Dissociative symptoms were not related to latency. These findings suggest that PTSD-related arousal symptoms may serve a buffering effect, increasing sensitivity to threat cues that portend a sexually coercive interaction.
本研究采用实验方法，调查在约会互动中，不同程度的性侵害对女性风险认知以及性侵犯评估判断的差异影响。将单次和多次受害的女性与未受害女性进行比较。结果支持了这一假设，即在表明应停止一段录音的约会强奸行为时，再次受害的女性比单次受害女性或未受害女性表现出更长的反应延迟。具有更严重创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状（尤其是唤醒症状）的再次受害女性，其反应延迟与未受害女性相似，而PTSD症状较轻的再次受害女性的反应延迟则显著更长。分离症状与反应延迟无关。这些发现表明，与PTSD相关的唤醒症状可能起到缓冲作用，提高对预示性强制互动的威胁线索的敏感性。
