University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
Behav Modif. 2013 Jan;37(1):39-61. doi: 10.1177/0145445512449647. Epub 2012 Aug 8.
Impaired risk recognition has been suggested to be associated with the risk for revictimization and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Moreover, risk behavior has been linked to high sensation seeking, which may also increase the probability of revictimization. A newly designed behavioral experiment with five audiotaped risk scenarios was used to investigate risk recognition in revictimized, single-victimized, and nontraumatized individuals with and without PTSD. Moreover, the potential role of sensation seeking in revictimization, and PTSD as well as its relation to risk recognition was explored. Revictimized, single-victimized, and nontraumatized individuals did not differ with regard to general risk recognition. However, delayed risk recognition was found for the revictimized group when arousal ratings were considered. No differences in sensation seeking were found between the three groups; only the nontraumatized group showed lower boredom susceptibility relative to the revictimized group. Delayed risk recognition was associated with high sensation seeking. Furthermore, PTSD symptoms significantly predicted exit levels of risk scenarios. Findings are discussed against the background of previous research.
风险识别能力受损被认为与再次受害的风险和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的发展有关。此外，风险行为与高感觉寻求有关，这也可能增加再次受害的可能性。本研究采用一种新设计的行为实验，使用五个录音风险场景，来调查 PTSD 患者和非 PTSD 患者中的再次受害、单一受害和未受害个体的风险识别能力。此外，还探讨了感觉寻求在再次受害、PTSD 中的潜在作用，以及它与风险识别的关系。再次受害、单一受害和未受害个体在一般风险识别方面没有差异。但是，当考虑唤醒评分时，发现再次受害组存在风险识别延迟。三个组之间的感觉寻求没有差异；只有未受害组相对于再次受害组表现出较低的无聊易感性。风险识别延迟与高感觉寻求有关。此外，PTSD 症状显著预测风险场景的退出水平。研究结果在以往研究的背景下进行了讨论。
