Hunt G J, Collins A M, Rivera R, Page R E, Guzmán-Novoa E
Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1158, USA.
J Hered. 1999 Sep-Oct;90(5):585-9. doi: 10.1093/jhered/90.5.585.
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping procedures were used to identify loci that influence the levels of alarm pheromones found in the stinging apparatus of worker honeybees. An F1 queen was produced from a cross between a queen of European origin and a drone descended from an African subspecies. Haploid drones from the hybrid queen were individually backcrossed to European queens to produce 172 colonies. Samples of stings were taken from backcross workers of these colonies. Alarm pheromone levels were determined by gas chromatography. RAPD markers were scored from the haploid drone fathers of these colonies. The multiple-QTL model (MQM) of MapQTL was used to identify QTLs that influence the levels of four alarm pheromone components. Seven independent, potential QTLs were identified with LOD scores greater than two, and one at LOD 1.88. We identified one QTL for n-decyl acetate, three for n-octanol, four for isopentyl acetate, and one for hexyl acetate. One region of linkage group XI shows a strong influence on body size and the levels of three alarm pheromone components. This locus explained 40% of the variance for the amount of n-decyl acetate (LOD 6.57). In general, the QTLs influencing alarm pheromone levels were independent of previously identified loci that influenced the stinging behavior of these colonies. The only exception was a potential locus influencing levels of n-octanol, which was inversely correlated with stinging behavior.
数量性状基因座（QTL）定位程序被用于识别影响工蜂螫刺器官中报警信息素水平的基因座。一只F1蜂王由一只欧洲血统的蜂王与一只源自非洲亚种的雄蜂杂交产生。来自杂交蜂王的单倍体雄蜂分别与欧洲蜂王回交，以产生172个蜂群。从这些蜂群的回交工蜂中采集螫刺样本。通过气相色谱法测定报警信息素水平。从这些蜂群的单倍体雄蜂父亲中对随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）标记进行评分。使用MapQTL的多QTL模型（MQM）来识别影响四种报警信息素成分水平的QTL。确定了7个独立的潜在QTL，其对数优势（LOD）得分大于2，还有1个LOD得分为1.88。我们确定了1个乙酸正癸酯的QTL、3个正辛醇的QTL、4个乙酸异戊酯的QTL和1个乙酸己酯的QTL。连锁群XI的一个区域对体型和三种报警信息素成分的水平有强烈影响。该基因座解释了乙酸正癸酯含量变异的40%（LOD 6.57）。总体而言，影响报警信息素水平的QTL与先前确定的影响这些蜂群螫刺行为的基因座无关。唯一的例外是一个影响正辛醇水平的潜在基因座，它与螫刺行为呈负相关。
