The physics of soft tissue fragmentation using ultrasonic frequency vibration of metal probes.

The physics of soft tissue fragmentation using ultrasonic frequency vibration of metal probes has been discussed, including a comparison and contrast of ultrasound radiation and ultrasonic surgery and a brief history of ultrasonic surgery. Three theories of interaction and an assessment of power flow have been presented. Many unanswered questions remain concerning the physics of soft tissue fragmentation using ultrasonic frequency vibratory energy. This effort has hopefully contributed to a better understanding of the general principles involved.