Müller-Ortstein H, Baumeister H P
Facharzt für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, München.
Z Arztl Fortbild Qualitatssich. 1999 Oct;93(7):519-27.
All reliable data and statistics point to the safety of flying. Nevertheless many opinion surveys indicate that every third in the population is affected by aviophobia in one way or the other. Aviophobia is simply a specific phobia from which men and women suffer the same degree. It can be found in all social strata and all occupational groups. Aviophobia is felt in very subjective manners and different ways. The structure of reasons of aviophobia can be very complex, whereas it is somewhat easier to identify immediately the causes. Depending upon the degree of aviophobia different strategies of treatment are indicated. Next to the confrontation theraphy the most wellknown therapy is the systematic desensibilization, classic relaxation methods and cognitive strategies for overcoming the phobia. A high degree of success has been achieved with workshops on aviophobia. These workshops show an increasing tendency. It can be expected that in the future exposition treatment working with virtual realities will also prove successful in overcoming aviophobia. First case studies on the effectivity are all ready available and further effects towards corroborating the effectivity are being plant. Successful with a reduced and minimal input of therapeutic council are also self-management books. In order to master aviophobia, it may be sufficient in cases of less intensivity to work with self-management books in the sense of bibliotherapy.
所有可靠的数据和统计都表明飞行是安全的。然而，许多民意调查显示，每三个人中就有一个人在某种程度上受到飞行恐惧症的影响。飞行恐惧症只是一种特定的恐惧症，男性和女性受其影响的程度相同。它存在于所有社会阶层和所有职业群体中。人们对飞行恐惧症的感受非常主观，方式也各不相同。飞行恐惧症的成因结构可能非常复杂，不过直接找出其原因相对容易一些。根据飞行恐惧症的程度，需要采取不同的治疗策略。除了对抗疗法，最著名的疗法是系统脱敏疗法、经典的放松方法以及克服恐惧症的认知策略。针对飞行恐惧症的工作坊已经取得了很高的成功率。这些工作坊呈增加趋势。可以预计，未来利用虚拟现实进行的暴露疗法在克服飞行恐惧症方面也将被证明是成功的。关于其有效性的首批案例研究已经可得，并且正在计划进一步证实有效性的研究。自我管理类书籍在投入较少治疗指导的情况下也很有效。对于不太严重的飞行恐惧症病例，从阅读疗法的角度来看，使用自我管理类书籍可能就足够了。
