Dorschner W, Biesold M, Schmidt F, Stolzenburg J U
Department of Urology, University of Leipzig, Germany.
J Urol. 1999 Dec;162(6):1942-5. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)68074-3.
Basic scientific facts, such as anatomical structures, are rarely subjected to critical reappraisal. Nevertheless, several clinical phenomena exist which are inconsistent with the description of the anatomy of the so-called external sphincter muscle and urogenital diaphragm.
We performed a global examination of the anatomy of the entire lower urinary tract in 50 male autopsy specimens. For comparison magnetic resonance imaging of the same regions was performed on 12 healthy patients.
Direct comparison of the results of both methods revealed the exact same topography of the bladder neck. The external sphincter or musculus sphincter urethrae is an independent morphological unit separated from the surrounding pelvic floor muscles by connective tissue.
The musculus transversus perinei profundus or deep transverse perineal muscle, which is believed to constitute the major element of the urogenital diaphragm, does not exist. There is histomorphological evidence that the external sphincter consists of a striated (musculus sphincter urethrae transversostriatus) and smooth muscle (musculus sphincter urethrae glaber) component.
诸如解剖结构等基础科学事实很少受到严格的重新评估。然而，存在一些临床现象与所谓的外括约肌和尿生殖膈的解剖描述不一致。
我们对50例男性尸检标本的整个下尿路进行了全面的解剖检查。为作比较，对12例健康患者进行了相同区域的磁共振成像检查。
两种方法结果的直接比较显示膀胱颈的地形完全相同。外括约肌或尿道括约肌是一个独立的形态学单位，通过结缔组织与周围盆底肌分离。
被认为构成尿生殖膈主要成分的会阴深横肌并不存在。有组织形态学证据表明，外括约肌由横纹肌（横纹尿道括约肌）和平滑肌（光滑尿道括约肌）组成。
