Austin S C, Funk C D
Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Stellar-Chance Labs, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 1999 Nov;58(5-6):231-52. doi: 10.1016/s0090-6980(99)00041-6.
In recent years, there has been an exponential increase in the number of targeted gene disruptions performed in mice. At least 18 different gene knockouts have now been reported that have direct relevance to eicosanoid biology. These include genes that influence substrate availability (phospholipases), metabolism to eicosanoids (e.g., prostaglandin H synthases, lipoxygenases), and eicosanoid action (e.g., receptors for various prostaglandins). This minireview will outline the phenotype of these knockout mice and what has been learned about eicosanoid functions through use of this novel methodology.
近年来，在小鼠中进行的靶向基因破坏数量呈指数级增长。目前已报道至少18种不同的基因敲除与类花生酸生物学直接相关。这些基因包括影响底物可用性的基因（磷脂酶）、类花生酸代谢基因（如前列腺素H合酶、脂氧合酶）以及类花生酸作用基因（如各种前列腺素的受体）。本综述将概述这些基因敲除小鼠的表型，以及通过使用这种新方法对类花生酸功能的了解。
