Bekele T
Animal Sciences Department, Alemaya University of Agriculture, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 1999 Dec;31(6):333-45. doi: 10.1023/a:1005290523034.
New epidemics of respiratory disease have caused 29.6 morbidity and 6.4% mortality in camels in the Somalia region of Ethiopia. The major clinical signs observed were fever of 40-41.5 degrees C, depression, cough, loss of appetite and a watery nasal discharge that became mucopurulent at a later stage. Finally, the camel became recumbent and extended its neck straight along the ground. Some of the animals died within 8-9 days. The major post-mortem lesions were hydrothorax, adhesion of the lung to the thorax, red and grey hepatization, emphysema, hydropericardium and fibrinous pericarditis. A treatment trial indicated that oxytetracycline was more effective than a combination of penicillin and streptomycin, the results showing a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the treated and control groups. The bacteria isolated from lung, thoracic fluid and whole blood were Pasteurella haemolytica. Further studies on the epidemiology of this disease, the identification of the serotypes involved, and the demonstration of any primary viral initiating agent are recommended to allow the development of preventive methods.
埃塞俄比亚索马里地区出现的新型呼吸道疾病已导致骆驼发病率达29.6%，死亡率达6.4%。观察到的主要临床症状为体温40 - 41.5摄氏度、精神沉郁、咳嗽、食欲不振以及初期为水样鼻液，后期变为黏液脓性鼻液。最终，骆驼卧地，颈部沿地面伸直。部分动物在8 - 9天内死亡。主要的尸检病变为胸腔积水、肺与胸壁粘连、红色和灰色肝样变、肺气肿、心包积水和纤维素性心包炎。一项治疗试验表明，土霉素比青霉素和链霉素联合使用更有效，结果显示治疗组和对照组之间存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。从肺、胸液和全血中分离出的细菌为溶血巴斯德菌。建议对该疾病的流行病学、所涉及血清型的鉴定以及任何原发性病毒引发剂进行进一步研究，以便制定预防方法。
