Jensen C L, Maude M, Anderson R E, Heird W C
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Jan;71(1 Suppl):292S-9S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/71.1.292s.
To determine whether docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation of breast-feeding mothers increases the DHA contents of breast milk and infant plasma phospholipids (PPs), breast-feeding women were randomly assigned to 3 DHA-supplementation groups (170-260 mg/d) or a control group. Group 1 (n = 6) consumed an algae-produced high-DHA triacylglycerol; group 2 (n = 6) consumed high-DHA eggs; group 3 (n = 6) consumed a high-DHA, low-eicosapentaenoic acid marine oil; and group 4 (n = 6) received no supplementation. From before to after supplementation (2 and 8 wk postpartum), mean (+/-SD) maternal PP DHA increased in groups 1, 2, and 3 by 1.20 +/- 0.53, 0.63 +/- 0.82, and 0.76 +/- 0.35 mol% of fatty acids, respectively (23-41%), but decreased in group 4 by 0.44 +/- 0.34 mol% (15%). Breast-milk DHA of groups 1, 2, and 3 increased by 0.21 +/- 0.16, 0.07 +/- 0.11, and 0. 12 +/- 0.07 mol%, respectively (32-91%) but decreased in group 4 by 0.03 +/- 0.04 mol% (17%). Mean infant PP DHA in groups 1, 2, and 3 increased by 1.63 +/- 0.79, 0.40 +/- 1.0, and 0.98 +/- 0.61 mol%, respectively (11-42%), but only by 0.18 +/- 0.74 mol% (5%) in group 4. Correlations between the DHA contents of maternal plasma and breast milk and of milk and infant PPs were significant. Breast-milk and maternal and infant PP 22:5n-6 concentrations were lowest in group 2. DHA supplementation increases the plasma and breast-milk DHA concentrations of lactating women, resulting in higher PP DHA concentrations in infants.
为了确定对母乳喂养的母亲补充二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）是否会增加母乳和婴儿血浆磷脂（PP）中的DHA含量，将母乳喂养的女性随机分为3个DHA补充组（170 - 260毫克/天）或一个对照组。第1组（n = 6）食用藻类生产的高DHA三酰甘油；第2组（n = 6）食用高DHA鸡蛋；第3组（n = 6）食用高DHA、低二十碳五烯酸的海洋油；第4组（n = 6）不进行补充。在补充前后（产后2周和8周），第1、2和3组母亲PP中的DHA平均（±标准差）脂肪酸含量分别增加了1.20±0.53、0.63±0.82和0.76±0.35摩尔百分比（23% - 41%），但第4组下降了0.44±0.34摩尔百分比（15%）。第1、2和3组母乳中的DHA分别增加了0.21±0.16、0.07±0.11和0.12±0.07摩尔百分比（32% - 91%），但第4组下降了0.03±0.04摩尔百分比（17%）。第1、2和3组婴儿PP中的DHA平均分别增加了1.63±0.79、0.40±1.0和0.98±0.61摩尔百分比（11% - 42%），但第4组仅增加了0.18±0.74摩尔百分比（5%）。母亲血浆和母乳以及母乳和婴儿PP中DHA含量之间的相关性显著。第2组母乳、母亲和婴儿PP中的22:5n - 6浓度最低。补充DHA会增加哺乳期女性血浆和母乳中的DHA浓度，从而使婴儿PP中的DHA浓度更高。
