Sawadogo A, Koueta F, Sanou I, Kam K L, Dao L, Reinhardt M, Queloz J
Service de pédiatrie, CHU de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7022, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Sante. 1999 Jul-Aug;9(4):209-13.
We observed 36 cases of pleuropulmonary staphylococcal infection (PPS) in infants aged 0 to 30 months, during a prospective study carried out between April 1st 1995 and March 31 1996 at the Pediatrics Department of Ouagadougou University Hospital. PPS accounted for 0.5% of all hospital admissions and 11.6% of all acute basal respiratory infections in children aged less than 30 months. Slightly more boys than girls were affected, with a sex ratio of 1.2. We identified the classic triad of symptoms: cough-fever-polypnea, associated with abdominal ballooning and a change in general condition. On X rays, the typical images showing parenchymatous bubbles were the second most frequent observation (27.8%) after parenchymatous opacities (69.5%). The most frequently used antibiotics were oxacillin (Bristopen), gentamycin (Gentallin) and cefuroxime-axetil (Zinnat). The prognosis of PPS is poor, with a high mortality rate (27.8%) and a risk of pleural recurrence. Being very young, late hospitalization, malnutrition and leukopenia were identified as factors indicating a poor prognosis. Recygling of health care personnel for the management of acute respiratory infections, a decrease in malnutrition and an improvement in vaccination cover are essential if the mortality and morbidity of acute respiratory infections, and PPS in particular, are to be reduced.
1995年4月1日至1996年3月31日期间，在瓦加杜古大学医院儿科进行的一项前瞻性研究中，我们观察了36例0至30个月大婴儿的胸膜肺部葡萄球菌感染（PPS）。PPS占所有住院病例的0.5%，占30个月以下儿童所有急性基础呼吸道感染的11.6%。受影响的男孩略多于女孩，性别比为1.2。我们确定了典型的三联征症状：咳嗽-发热-呼吸急促，伴有腹部膨隆和一般状况改变。在X射线上，显示实质气泡的典型图像是继实质混浊（69.5%）之后第二常见的观察结果（27.8%）。最常用的抗生素是苯唑西林（Bristopen）、庆大霉素（Gentallin）和头孢呋辛酯（Zinnat）。PPS的预后很差，死亡率很高（27.8%），且有胸膜复发风险。年龄很小、住院延迟、营养不良和白细胞减少被确定为预后不良的因素。如果要降低急性呼吸道感染尤其是PPS的死亡率和发病率，对医护人员进行急性呼吸道感染管理方面的再培训、减少营养不良以及提高疫苗接种覆盖率至关重要。
