Mertz D B, Cawthon D A, Park T
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Apr;73(4):1368-72. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.4.1368.
This report reexamines experimentally the problem of competitive indeterminacy in mixed-species populations of the flour beetles, Tribolium confusum and T. castaneum. Indeterminacy takes the form of alternative competitive outcomes: in some replicate cultures one species exterminates the other with a probability, say p, whereas in others, the opposing species wins with a complementary probability, 1-p. The conventional explanation for this is the genetic founder effect hypothesis--an explanation based on genetic stochasticity. The experiment reported here partitioned indeterminacy into founder effect and nonfounder effect components. The results implicate demographic stochasticity, not classical genetic founder effect, as a factor influencing the identity of the winning species.
本报告通过实验重新审视了杂拟谷盗（Tribolium confusum）和赤拟谷盗（T. castaneum）这两种面粉甲虫混合种群中的竞争不确定性问题。不确定性表现为竞争结果的多样性：在一些重复培养中，一个物种以概率p消灭另一个物种，而在其他培养中，对立物种以互补概率1-p获胜。对此的传统解释是遗传奠基者效应假说——一种基于遗传随机性的解释。此处报告的实验将不确定性分为奠基者效应和非奠基者效应成分。结果表明，影响获胜物种身份的因素是种群统计学随机性，而非经典的遗传奠基者效应。
