Graetz B W, Shute R H, Sawyer M G
School of Psychology, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park.
J Adolesc Health. 2000 Jan;26(1):64-9. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(99)00026-9.
To identify and compare perceived supportive and nonsupportive behaviors exhibited by family members and friends toward adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF), and to examine the relationships between supportive and nonsupportive behaviors and adolescents' psychological adjustment.
Participants were 35 adolescents with CF attending the Women's and Children's Hospital in South Australia. Perceived supportive and nonsupportive behaviors were assessed using an adapted version of the Chronic Disease Support Interview. The psychological adjustment of the adolescents was assessed using the Youth Self Report Form. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were performed to compare the support provided by family members and friends. Multiple regression analyses assessed the contribution of supportive and nonsupportive behaviors for the prediction of psychological adjustment.
Family members provided more tangible support than friends who, conversely, provided more companionship support. Overall, family members scored higher than friends on ratings for supportive behaviors. No differences were observed between family members and friends on ratings for nonsupportive behaviors. Rating of nonsupportive behaviors for family members was found to be the strongest predictor of psychological adjustment.
Family members and friends provide different types of support. Family members provide more tangible help with treatment tasks and adolescents provide more companionship. Overall, this study demonstrated the importance of addressing nonsupportive as well as supportive behaviors when investigating the impact of support on the psychological adjustment of adolescents with a chronic illness.
识别并比较家庭成员和朋友对患有囊性纤维化（CF）的青少年所表现出的感知到的支持性和非支持性的行为，并研究支持性和非支持性行为与青少年心理调适之间的关系。
参与者为35名在南澳大利亚妇女儿童医院就诊的患有CF的青少年。使用《慢性病支持访谈》的改编版本评估感知到的支持性和非支持性行为。使用《青少年自我报告表》评估青少年的心理调适情况。进行重复测量方差分析以比较家庭成员和朋友提供的支持。多元回归分析评估支持性和非支持性行为对心理调适预测的贡献。
家庭成员提供的实际支持比朋友更多，相反，朋友提供了更多的陪伴支持。总体而言，在支持性行为的评分上，家庭成员得分高于朋友。在非支持性行为的评分上，未观察到家庭成员和朋友之间存在差异。发现家庭成员的非支持性行为评分是心理调适的最强预测因素。
家庭成员和朋友提供不同类型的支持。家庭成员在治疗任务方面提供更多实际帮助，而朋友提供更多陪伴。总体而言，本研究表明，在调查支持对患有慢性病的青少年心理调适的影响时，处理非支持性行为以及支持性行为非常重要。
