Krupat E, Hiam C M, Fleming M Z, Freeman P
Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, USA.
Int J Psychiatry Med. 1999;29(3):347-56. doi: 10.2190/DVCQ-4LC8-NT7H-KE0L.
This research was performed to study the attitudes that medical students hold concerning their relationships with patients, and whether such attitudes are gender-related, affect career plans, and influence their evaluation of psycho-social and biomedical issues.
One hundred fifty-three first year students at the Boston University School of Medicine completed the Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS), a scale that differentiates between a patient-centered vs. doctor-centered orientation toward medical practice, indicated their interest in community and primary care practice, and rank ordered psycho-social and biomedical clinical issues in terms of their perceived relative importance.
The data revealed that female medical students were more patient-centered, and that (across sexes) patient centeredness was positively associated with an interest in community and primary care practice and the ranking of psycho-social issues.
These findings indicate that differences in the practice attitudes of males and females exist very early on in medical training, and that these differences are associated with anticipated career choices. They also suggest that the PPOS may prove useful in measuring the attitudes of practicing physicians toward their clinical roles and might predict physicians' behavioral strategies and patient medical outcomes.
本研究旨在探讨医学生对医患关系的态度，以及这些态度是否与性别相关、是否影响职业规划，以及是否会影响他们对心理社会和生物医学问题的评估。
波士顿大学医学院的153名一年级学生完成了患者-从业者导向量表（PPOS），该量表区分了以患者为中心和以医生为中心的医疗实践导向，表明了他们对社区和初级保健实践的兴趣，并根据他们认为的相对重要性对心理社会和生物医学临床问题进行了排序。
数据显示，女性医学生更以患者为中心，并且（无论男女）以患者为中心与对社区和初级保健实践的兴趣以及心理社会问题的排序呈正相关。
这些发现表明，男女在医学培训早期就存在实践态度上的差异，并且这些差异与预期的职业选择有关。它们还表明，PPOS可能被证明有助于衡量执业医生对其临床角色的态度，并可能预测医生的行为策略和患者的医疗结果。
