Keppler P, Strecker W, Kinzl L
Abteilung für Unfallchirurgie, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universität Ulm.
Unfallchirurg. 1999 Dec;102(12):936-41.
Because of different projections and axis constructions, the length and torsion of the lower extremities are sensitive to the measuring method. To judge pathological deformities in children or adolescents it is necessary to know the reference values. In this study, 78 children and adolescents 2-18 years old were included who had a femoral or tibial shaft fracture. Torsion and length were determined by computed tomography at least 3 months after internal fixation according the Ulm method. Only healthy bones were considered for this study. The mean internal torsion of the femur decreased during the growth period from 34.2 degrees +/- 10.3 degrees (x +/- SD) to 19.3 degrees +/- 9.5 degrees. There was only a weak correlation between the age and torsion of the femur. The mean external torsion of the tibia was 32.3 +/- 10 degrees. The 95th percentiles of the intraindividual torsional differences were 14 degrees (x = 4.1 degrees) of the femur (n = 30) and 12 degrees (x = 4.7 degrees) of the tibia (n = 48). The median femoral and tibial intraindividual length differences were 2 mm. The corresponding 95th percentiles were 10 and 9 mm. The aim of the study was to determine the age-dependent torsion and length and their respective differences with a standardized CT method. The range of the normal values was much greater than published in the literature.
由于投影和轴结构的不同，下肢的长度和扭转度对测量方法很敏感。为了判断儿童或青少年的病理性畸形，有必要了解参考值。本研究纳入了78名2至18岁的儿童和青少年，他们患有股骨干或胫骨干骨折。根据乌尔姆方法，在切开复位内固定至少3个月后通过计算机断层扫描确定扭转度和长度。本研究仅考虑健康骨骼。股骨的平均内扭转度在生长期间从34.2度±10.3度（x±标准差）降至19.3度±9.5度。年龄与股骨扭转度之间仅有微弱的相关性。胫骨的平均外扭转度为32.3±10度。个体内扭转差异的第95百分位数，股骨为14度（x = 4.1度）（n = 30），胫骨为12度（x = 4.7度）（n = 48）。股骨和胫骨个体内长度差异的中位数为2毫米。相应的第95百分位数为10毫米和9毫米。本研究的目的是用标准化的CT方法确定年龄相关的扭转度和长度及其各自的差异。正常值范围比文献中公布的要大得多。
